The solidification of partially evaporated bottoms of RBMK and VVER with salt concentration 500–650 g/liter by compositional binders consisting of Portland cement and silicic additives – aerosil, microsilica, opoka, silicic acid, liquid glass, and diatomite is examined. The additions were used to obtain matrices that satisfy the requirements of safe storage of cemented radwastes. The partition coefficients of 137Cs in partially evaporated bottoms are determined for all additives studied. The most effective additive for solidification of partially evaporated bottoms of VVER is diatomite. Matrices with diatomite have strength 50–81 kg/cm2, the rate of leaching of 137Cs ~ 10–3–10–4 g/(cm2·day) and the fill with respect to salts reaches 20.9 wt.%. On the solidification of partially evaporated RBMK bottoms the most effective hardening additives are aerosil and microsilica and the most effective sorbing additives are bentonite, opoka, and diatomite. The matrices so obtained have strength 59–93 kg/cm2, 137Cs leach rate ~ 10–3–10–4 g/(cm2·day) and contain to 25.1 wt.% salts.
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Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 109, No. 4, pp. 222–227, October, 2010.
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Kononenko, O.A., Gelis, V.M. & Milyutin, V.V. Incorporation of bottoms from nuclear power plants into a matrix based on portland cement and silicic additives. At Energy 109, 278–284 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-011-9357-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10512-011-9357-9