This paper is a study of the dynamics of the parameters describing the transverse component of the gradient of the longitudinal magnetic field ∇⊥ Bz in active regions (AR) with different levels of flare productivity. Data obtained by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has been used to analyze 75 ARs in the 24-th cycle of solar activity. ∇⊥ Bz has been calculated using two approaches, modern and classical. In each case the parameters describing the quantity ∇⊥ Bz in the AR are determined. For the modern approach, this includes the average of ∇⊥ Bz over the AR, <∇⊥ Bz> and the average value of ∇⊥ Bz in the neighborhood of the point with its maximum value, <max ∇⊥ Bz>; for the classical approach, the maximum value of ∇⊥ Bz between pairs of spots in the AR, <max ∇⊥ Bz>. The dynamics of the chosen parameters are studied over the time of monitoring each of the regions of the analyzed sample. It is shown that: 1. the spread in values of ∇⊥ Bz is small (for the overwhelming majority of studied regions it lies within a range of 0.08-0.12 G·km-1) and differs little for regions with low and high flare activity. 2. The numerical values of the parameter max(∇⊥ Bz) and its dynamics in the overwhelming majority of examined cases are greater in regions with a higher level of flare activity. 3. The numerical values of the parameter max(∇⊥ Bz) and its dynamics are greater in regions with higher levels of flare activity. 4. In the AR NOAA 11283 a stable rise in the magnitude of max (∇⊥ Bz)sp was detected for approximately 19 h before the development of the first of a series of flares in high x-ray classes.
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Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 571-590 (November 2023)
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Fursyak, Y.A. Transverse Gradients of Longitudinal Magnetic Field in Active Regions with Different Levels of Flare Productivity. I. Calculation Methods and Dynamics of Selected Parameters. Astrophysics 66, 532–549 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-024-09808-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-024-09808-3