Studies of semiregular variable stars by different authors are examined and the main theoretical and observational problems associated with these stars are reviewed. Their evolutionary status and a possible connection with long-period variables such as Mira Ceti are discussed. Individual objects belonging to different types of semiregular variables are described in detail. The periods of all the stars considered here have been studied by periodogram and/or wavelet analysis. The previously developed additional photometric classification criteria are supplemented by the study of the phase portraits of the smoothed brightness oscillations. It is also noted that all the methods for analyzing photometric behavior applied to stars such as Mira Ceti can also be applied to semiregular variables. On leaving the Main sequence the stars pass through a Cepheid instability stage, turning into radially pulsating variables of a δ Cepheus type. Semiregular variable giants and supergiants of spectral classes F-K, which are customarily denoted by the symbol SRd, may be related to these stars. As they evolve further, the high luminosity variables fall into the region of red supergiants and are converted into SRc (or Lc) variables, while the variables with lower luminosity are converted into SRab semiregular (or irregular Lb) variables of later spectral classes. The RV Tau variables are a class of low-mass (with masses on the order of one solar mass) pulsating F-K supergiants ( Mv=-3m÷5m) which may lie on the short-time evolutionary stage of a transition from red giant to protoplanetary nebula, which explains the scarcity of this type of variability.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. N. Kholopov, Peremennye zvezdy 21, 465 (1981).
I. S. Shklovskii, Problems in Contemporary Astrophysics, Nauka, Moscow (1988).
S. A. Zhevakin, The theory of stellar pulsations, in: B. V. Kukarkin, ed., Pulsating Stars, Moscow (1970), p 17.
Yu. A. Fadeev, Priroda 8, 16 (2006).
Yu. A. Fadeev, Pis’ma v Astron. zh. 43, 763 (2017).
L. S. Kudashkina, Kinem. fiz. neb.tel 19, 193 (2003).
I. L. Andronov and V. I. Marsakova, Astrophysics 49, 370 (2006).
V. I. Marsakova and I. L. Andronov, Astrophysics 49, 506 (2006).
I. B. Vavilova, et al.,, Kinem. fiz. neb.tel 28, 59 (2012).
P. A. Whitelock, F. Marang, and M. Feast, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 319, 728 (2000).
P. Maffei and G. Tosti, http://www.archiviomaffei.org/All/main htm
I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 7, 49 (1994).
I. L. Andronov, Kinem. fiz. neb. tel 14, 490 (1998).
L. S. Kudashkina and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 30, 93 (2017).
L. S. Kudashkina, Abstracts from the 64th Professor-teacher Scientific-technical Conference, May 17-19 2011, ONMU, Odessa (2011), p. 56.
Yu. A. Fadeev, Pis’ma v Astron. zh. 43, 663 (2017).
I. L. Andronov, in: C. Sterken, ed., ASP Conf. Ser. 292, San Francisco: Astron. Soc. Pacif. (2003), p. 391.
I. L. Andronov, L. S. Kudashkina, and T. V. Romanenko, Peremennye zvezdy 23, 23 (1992).
L. S. Kudashkina, I. S. Bryukhanov, and V. V. Shchukin, Astron. Tsirk. 1554, 25 (1993).
J. Neumann, BAV-Rund. 3, 71 (1998).
L. L. Shapovalova, Multiperiodic Oscillations of Semiregular Variable Stars, Thesis (1998), p. 114.
M. W. Feast, Proc. Fifth Europ. Peg. Meet., P. B. 1. 1. (1980).
G. V. Abramyan, Astrofizika 20, 239 (1984), [Astrophysics 20, 126, (1984)].
L. S. Kudashkina, Odessa Astron. Publ. 25, 18 (2012).
H. Izumiura, O. Hashimoto, K. Kawara, et al., Astron. Astrophys. 315, L221 (1996).
C. Barnbaum, Astron. J. 104, 1585 (1992).
K. Krisciunas, Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers 10, 75 (1981).
M. Vetesnik, Information Bulletin on Variable Stars, 2271 (1983).
A. Kuèinskas, Bulletin AFOEV 61, 17 (1992).
L. S. Kudashkina and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 23, 67 (2010).
I. L. Andronov and L. S. Kudashkina, Astron. Nachr. 309, 323 (1988).
W. Wenzel, Mitt. Ver. Stern. 8, 18 (1977).
I. L. Andronov, L. S. Kudashkina, E. V. Velichko, et al.,, Peremennye zvezdy 22, 683 (1988).
I. L. Andronov and L. S. Kudashkina, Arbeitskreis Veranderlichem Kulturbund der DDR, Information N. 121, 3 (1987).
I. L. Andronov, Contr. Astron. Inst. Czechoslovak. 20, 161 (1987).
L. S. Kudashkina, et al., Proc. 29th Conf. Var. Star. Res., Brno, Czech Rep. 126 (1998).
L. S. Kudashkina, in: B. Wszolek, ed., Czêstochowski Kalendarz Astronomiczny, 2017 (2016), p. 151.
I. L. Andronov and I. V. Chernysheva, Astron. Tsirk. 1538, 18 (1989).
L. S. Kudashkina and I. L. Andronov, Czêstochowski Kalendarz Astronomiczny, 2018, ed. B. Wszolek, 275 (2017).
I. L. Andronov, L. S. Kudashkina, and L. V. Grenishena, in: B. Wszolek, ed., Czêstochowski Kalendarz Astronomiczny, 2013, p. 197 (2013).
Yu. A. Fadeev, Pis’ma v Astron. zh. 42, 731 (2016).
B. V. Kukarkin, Pulsating Stars, Nauka, Moscow (1970), p. 372.
K. Goffmeister, G. Rikhter, and V. Ventsel’, Variable Stars, Nauka, Moscow (1990), p. 360.
N. N. Samus, E. V. Kazarovets, O. V. Durlevich, et al., Astron.zh. 94, 87 (2017).
F. Kerschbaum and J. Hron, Astron. Astrophys. 263, 97 (1992).
F. Kerschbaum and J. Hron, Astron. Astrophys. 308, 489 (1996).
T. R. Bedding and A. A. Zijlstra, Astrophys. J. 506, L47 (1998).
M. W. Feast, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 278, 11 (1996).
Yu. A. Fadeev, Pis’ma v Astron. zh. 38, 295 (2012).
Yu. A. Fadeev, Pis’ma v Astron. zh. 39, 342 (2013).
Yu. A. Fadeev, Pis’ma v Astron. zh. 44, 851 (2018).
V. I. Marsakova and I. L. Andronov, Proc. 29th Conf. Var. Star. Res., Brno, Czech Rep., 130 (1998).
L. L. Chinarova and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 13, 116 (2000).
L. S. Kudashkina and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 9, 108 (1996).
L. S. Kudashkina and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 23, 65 (2010).
V. I. Marsakova and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 12, 205 (1999).
L. S. Kudashkina, Visnyk ODU 4, 55 (1999).
V. I. Marsakova and I. L. Andronov, Odessa Astron. Publ. 25, 60 (2012).
I. L. Andronov and L. L. Chinarova, in B. Wszo3ek, ed., Czêstochowski Kalendarz Astronomiczny, 2014, X, 171 (2013).
I. L. Andronov, et al., ASP Conference Series, 511, San Francisco: Astron. Soc. Pacif. 43 (2017).
I. L. Andronov, V. I. Marsakova, L. S. Kudashkina, et al., Advances in Astron. Space Phys. 4, 3 (2014).
I. B. Vavilova, et al., Astroinformatics, Proc. IAU Symposium, 325, 361 (2017).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 62, No. 4, pp. 623-642 (November 2019)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kudashkina, L.S. Semiregular Variable Stars. Astrophysics 62, 556–572 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-019-09604-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-019-09604-4