This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Data Availability
Meyer, I. H. (2020). Generations: A Study of the Life and Health of LGB People in a Changing Society, USA, 2016–2019: Version 1. Electronic Data File. Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR37166.V1
References
Alempijevic, D., Beriashvili, R., Beynon, J., Birmanns, B., Brasholt, M., Cohen, J., Duque, M., Duterte, P., Van Es, A., Fernando, R., Fincanci, S. K., Hamzeh, S., Hansen, S. H., Hardi, L., Heisler, M., Iacopino, V., Leth, P. M., Lin, J., Louahlia, S., … Viera, D. N. (2020). Statement of the independent forensic expert group on conversion therapy. Torture, 30(1), 66–78. https://doi.org/10.7146/torture.v30i1.119654
Bancroft, J. (1974). Deviant sexual behaviour: Modification and assessment. Clarendon Press.
Blosnich, J. R., Henderson, E. R., Coulter, R. W., Goldbach, J. T., & Meyer, I. H. (2020). Sexual orientation change efforts, adverse childhood experiences, and suicide ideation and attempt among sexual minority adults, United States, 2016–2018. American Journal of Public Health, 110, 1024–1030. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305637
Changed Movement. (2023). The ideal legal definition of “conversion therapy.” https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b06fc035417fceda8ec0d85/t/641e54db6e7b867a92fd7277/1679709403841/230224+CHANGED+Issue+-+Ideal+legis+definition+of+conversion+therapy.pdf
Core Issues Trust. (2021). X-OUT-LOUD: Emerging ex-LGBT voices. https://www.xoutloud.com/book/
Dehlin, J. P., Galliher, R. V., Bradshaw, W. S., Hyde, D. C., & Crowell, K. A. (2015). Sexual orientation change efforts among current or former LDS church members. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62(2), 95–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000011
Geary, R. S., Tanton, C., Erens, B., Clifton, S., Prah, P., Wellings, K., Mitchell, K. R., Datta, J., Gravningen, K., Fuller, E., Johnson, A. M., Sonnenberg, P., & Mercer, C. H. (2018). Sexual identity, attraction and behaviour in Britain: The implications of using different dimensions of sexual orientation to estimate the size of sexual minority populations and inform public health interventions. PLoS ONE, 13(1), e0189607. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189607
Glassgold, J. M., & Haldeman, D. C. (2023). Evidence of sexual orientation change efforts ineffectiveness and risks of harm: A response to Sullins (2022). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 52(3), 881–883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02554-1
International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims. (2020). It’s Torture, not therapy: A global overview of conversion therapy: Practices, perpetrators, and the role of States. International Rehabilitation Council for Torture Victims.
Jones, S. L., & Yarhouse, M. A. (2011). A longitudinal study of attempted religiously mediated sexual orientation change. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 37(5), 404–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2011.607052
Karten, E. Y., & Wade, J. C. (2010). Sexual orientation change efforts in men: A client perspective. Journal of Men’s Studies, 18(1), 84–102. https://doi.org/10.3149/jms.1801.84
Mallory, C., Brown, T. N. T., & Conron, K. J. (2019). Conversion therapy and LGBT youth update brief. Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law. https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/conversion-therapy-and-lgbt-youth/
Michael, R. T., Gagnon, J. H., Kolata, G. B., & Laumann, E. O. (1994). Sex in America: A definitive survey. Little, Brown.
Pela, C., & Sutton, P. (2021). Sexual attraction fluidity and well-being in men: A therapeutic outcome study. Journal of Human Sexuality, 12. https://www.journalofhumansexuality.com/_files/ugd/ec16e9_d0708a0dc82e4da78e0258eb96dc1467.pdf
Reintegrative Therapy Association. (2021). Reintegrative Therapy Association: Disclaimer. https://www.reintegrativetherapy.com/disclaimer
Rosik, C. H., Beckstead, A. L., & Lefevor, G. T. (2023). Sexual orientation change efforts: Health associations, sexual identity labeling, and reports of change by engagement status. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000631
Shidlo, A., & Schroeder, M. (2002). Changing sexual orientation: A consumers’ report. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33(3), 249–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.33.3.249
Spitzer, R. L. (2003). Can some gay men and lesbians change their sexual orientation? 200 participants reporting a change from homosexual to heterosexual orientation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 32(5), 403–417.
Strizzi, J. M., & Di Nucci, E. (2023a). Ethical and human rights concerns of sexual orientation change efforts: Commentary on Sullins (2022) [Commentary]. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 52, 865–867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-022-02446-w
Strizzi, J. M., & Di Nucci, E. (2023b). Reply to Sullins (2023) on the ethical and human rights concerns of sexual orientation change efforts [Commentary]. Archives of Sexual Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02620-8
Sullins, D. P. (2022a). Absence of behavioral harm following non-efficacious sexual orientation change efforts: A retrospective study of United States sexual minority adults, 2016–2018. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.823647
Sullins, D. P. (2022b). Sexual orientation change efforts do not increase suicide: Correcting a false research narrative. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51(7), 3377–3393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-022-02408-2
Sullins, D. P. (2023). Critiques strengthen and improve the original findings: Rejoinder to Commentaries on Sullins (2022b). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 52(3), 889–899. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02566-x
Sullins, D. P., Rosik, C. H., & Santero, P. (2021). Efficacy and risk of sexual orientation change efforts: A retrospective analysis of 125 exposed men. F1000Research, 10, 222. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51209.1
Williams, K., & Woning, E. (Eds.). (2018). CHANGED: #Oncegay stories. Equipped to Love. https://changedmovement.com/changed-book
Funding
No funding was received for conducting this study. The author received general research funding from the Ruth Institute, Lake Charles, Louisiana.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The author has no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.
Ethical Approval
As a secondary analysis of pre-existing public data, the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic University of America reviewed and certified, in ethical certification decision number 21-0016, the present study’s methods to be exempt from human subject ethical review under 45 CFR 46.104.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Paul Sullins, D. Reply to Strizzi and Di Nucci (2023b) on Ethical and Human Rights Concerns of Sexual Orientation Change Efforts. Arch Sex Behav 52, 2727–2730 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02684-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02684-6