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When Parsimony Is Not Enough: Considering Dual Processes and Dual Levels of Influence in Sexual Decision Making

  • Special Section: Sexual Health in Gay and Bisexual Men
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Abstract

The literature on sexual decision making that has been used to understand behaviors relevant to HIV and STI risk has relied primarily on cognitive antecedents of behavior. In contrast, several prominent models of decision making outside of the sexual behavior literature rely on dual process models, in which both affective and cognitive processing are considered as important precursors to behavior. Moreover, much of the literature on sexual behavior utilizes individual-level traits and characteristics to predict aggregated sexual behavior, despite decision making itself being a situational or event-level process. This article proposes a framework for understanding sexual decision making as the result of dual processes (affective and cognitive) operating at dual level of influence (individual and situational). Finally, this article ends with a discussion of the conceptual and methodological benefits and challenges to its use and future directions for research.

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Acknowledgments

The development of this article was supported in part by an Individual Predoctoral Fellowship by the National Institute of Mental Health (F31-MH095622; Rendina: PI) and a Career Development Award from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01-DA039030; Rendina: PI). I would like to acknowledge the support of Dr. Jeffrey Parsons and Dr. Sarit Golub, both of whom provided considerable support and feedback on previous drafts. I would also like to thank Dr. Kristi Gamarel and Brett Millar for their feedback on this article, Dr. John Pachankis, Dr. Brian Mustanski, and Dr. Kristin Sommer for their feedback on previous drafts, and the attendees of the International Meeting on Contemporary Issues in Gay Men’s Sexual Health Research for thoughtful questions and suggestions.

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    H. Jonathon Rendina

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Rendina, H.J. When Parsimony Is Not Enough: Considering Dual Processes and Dual Levels of Influence in Sexual Decision Making. Arch Sex Behav 44, 1937–1947 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0569-2

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