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Acclimation procedure: a neglected good management practice to mitigate post-transport stress in fish

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Abstract

Good management practices are essential to ensure a sustainable aquaculture promoting fish health and environmental protection. Among these practices, the acclimation procedure is important to mitigate post-transport stress allowing the fish to adapt to new rearing environment; however, it is often neglected. This study evaluated acclimation procedures for fish tambaqui Colossoma macropomum. The fish were transported for 400 km and then submitted at different acclimation procedures (NOAC—no acclimation, AC30—fish acclimated in 30 min, and AC60—fish acclimated in 60 min) and pathogens (Aeromonas hydrophila and Saprolegnia parasitica). Blood analysis was performed before the fish transportation (baseline values) and at 01, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after acclimation procedures, determining the biochemical parameters, erythrogram, leukogram, ions, gasses, and hematimetric indices. As expected, the transport was a stressor for fish, increasing 700% glucose and 300% cortisol compared to the baseline values. In addition, fish after transport, submitted to acclimation procedure for 60min and exposed to pathogens presented 15% mortality. However, fish that underwent the acclimation procedure for 30 min showed early return of glucose, total plasmatic protein, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, MCV, MCH, MCHC, Na, K, and pH to the baseline, mitigating the post-transport stress. Contrary, the acclimation procedure for 60 min was not adequate for tambaqui causing more stress, not returning blood parameters to baseline, and mortalities. The fish not acclimated showed similar results to AC30; however, blood parameters remain altered through 96 h compared to AC30. The AC30 was the best management practice to mitigate the post-transport stress in tambaqui promoting early return to homeostasis and prevent mortality.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development for the financial support to Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto (422206/2023-7)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-Graduation in Health and Environment, Department of Post-Graduation Program, Tiradentes University, Campus Farolândia, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil

    Peterson Emmanuel Guimarães Paixão, Ricardo Marques Nogueira Filho, Cindy Caroline Moura Santos & Rubens Riscala Madi

  2. Post-Graduation in Animal Science, Department of Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Pará, Campus Bragança, Belém, Pará, Brazil

    Higo Andrade Abe & Márcia Valéria Silva do Couto

  3. Graduation in Fishing Engineer, Department of Fishing Engineer, Federal University of Sergipe, Campus São Cristóvão, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Hugo Leandro Santos & Fabricio Sa Santana

  4. Graduation in Zootechnics, Department of Zootechnics, Federal University of Sergipe, Campus São Cristóvão, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil

    Amanda Silva Carvalho

  5. Laboratory of Aquaculture, Department of Aquaculture, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil

    Juliana Matos Araujo, Paulo Cesar Falanghe Carneiro & Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto

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  1. Peterson Emmanuel Guimarães Paixão
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  2. Ricardo Marques Nogueira Filho
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Contributions

Peterson Emmanuel Guimarães Paixão (conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing—review and editing, and visualization); Ricardo Marques Nogueira Filho (review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Cindy Caroline Moura Santos (review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Rubens Riscala Madi (conceptualization, review and editing, formal analysis, visualization, methodology, and validation); Higo Andrade Abe (review and Editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Marcia Valéria Silva do Couto (Review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Hugo Leandro Santos (review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Fabricio Sa Santana (review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Amanda Silva Carvalho (review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Juliana Matos Araujo (review and editing, formal analysis, and visualization); Paulo Cesar Falanghe Carneiro (conceptualization, review and editing, formal analysis, visualization, methodology, and validation); Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto (conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, data curation, resource, writing—review and editing, and coordinator of the project).

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto.

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Appendix

Appendix

Table 11 Glucose values (mean ± standard deviation, mg/dL) of Colossoma macropomum from contaminated and sterile tanks throughout the hours (01 to 96 h)
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Paixão, P.E.G., Filho, R.M.N., Santos, C.C.M. et al. Acclimation procedure: a neglected good management practice to mitigate post-transport stress in fish. Aquacult Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-024-01539-8

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