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Enclosure experiment of effects of dietary phosphorus level on water quality, phosphorus budget, and plankton composition in intensive culture of crucian carp

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Abstract

Enclosure experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary phosphorus levels on water quality, phosphorus budget, and plankton composition in intensive culture of crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Monocalcium phosphate was used to formulate extruded feed containing total phosphorus of 8.7 (D1), 11.4 (D2), 13.5 (D3), and 18.4 (D4) g kg−1. Twelve polyethylene enclosures (each 4 × 4 × 1.5 m depth) were assigned to four groups with each one stocked with 120 juveniles (44.08 ± 1.36 g). Fish was fed twice daily at a rate of 3% body weight in the experiment. After 70 days of feeding, growth and survive rate of crucian carp were not affected by diet of different P level. It was found that physiochemical factors in all the enclosures did not show obvious threat on fish. Diets of different P level did not affect dissolved oxygen (DO), secchi depth (SD), total ammonium nitrogen (TAN), and total nitrogen (TN) concentration in enclosures. However, increased diet P level seemed to increase averaged pH, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and total phosphorus (TP) concentration and decrease nitrite concentration and TN/TP. During later period of experiment, treatments with high diet P level (D3 and D4 treatments) had very high cyanobacterial biomass dominated by Microcystis spp., while phytoplankton in D1 and D2 treatments was mainly composed of edible algae. Composition and density of zooplankton in different treatments varied in similar pattern. Peak density of cladocerans (mainly Moina spp.) seemed to be related to diet P level. The present study indicated that changing P level in diets might bring complicated changes to the intensive crucian carp culture ecosystem.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, People’s Republic of China

    Yiyi Sun, Minghai Chen, Chongmin Kong, Huijuan Tang & Lian Gan

  2. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, China

    Min Zhang

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  1. Yiyi Sun
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  2. Minghai Chen
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  3. Chongmin Kong
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  4. Huijuan Tang
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  5. Lian Gan
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  6. Min Zhang
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Correspondence to Huijuan Tang.

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Sun, Y., Chen, M., Kong, C. et al. Enclosure experiment of effects of dietary phosphorus level on water quality, phosphorus budget, and plankton composition in intensive culture of crucian carp. Aquacult Int 25, 1145–1158 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-016-0103-0

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