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Enrichment of the nematode Panagrolaimus sp., a potential live food for marine aquaculture, with essential n-3 fatty acids

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Abstract

The nematode Panagrolaimus sp. (strain NFS-24-5) may have potential as a live food organism for larvae of several marine species. It can be mass-produced in liquid culture and is desiccation tolerant enabling long-term storage and transportation. Nematodes lack the essential fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), so this investigation examined an enrichment procedure by incubating nematodes in S.presso® (INVE Aquaculture, Belgium), a commercial enrichment product. Mass-produced nematodes from liquid cultures on yeast cells were cleaned and then exposed to concentrations of 0.1–3 % S.presso® for 24 h at 200,000 nematodes ml−1. Nematode viability was >90 % after the treatment. Following enrichment percentage, total lipid ranged from 23.6 to 33.3 % of nematode dry matter, and nematodes incubated in 3 % S.presso® had a significantly higher lipid percentage than untreated controls. Enrichment was successful in increasing the percentage of DHA, and a maximum value of 5.8 % of total fatty acids was achieved. The results of enrichment of Panagrolaimus sp. (strain NFS-24-5) following treatment with 3 % S.presso® should promote the carrying out of feeding trials to test the efficacy of the nematodes as a live food for larval marine fish and crustaceans.

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Abbreviations

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid (C 22:6n3)

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid (C 20:5n3)

ARA:

Arachidonic acid (C 20:4n6)

EFA:

Essential fatty acids

lcPUFA:

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (20 or more C atoms and 3 or more double bonds)

Selco:

Self-emulsifying liquid concentrate

FAMEs:

Fatty acid methyl esters

TFA:

Total fatty acids

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Acknowledgments

This research was part of the project “Marine Aquaculture Systemic Research (MASY).” The financial support by the EU European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the Federal Republic of Germany, and the State of Schleswig–Holstein (FET program) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty for Agricultural and Nutritional Science, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany

    Hilke Honnens, Thomas Assheuer & Ralf-Udo Ehlers

  2. e-nema GmbH, Klausdorfer Str. 28-36, 24223, Schwentinental, Germany

    Ralf-Udo Ehlers

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  1. Hilke Honnens
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  2. Thomas Assheuer
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  3. Ralf-Udo Ehlers
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Correspondence to Ralf-Udo Ehlers.

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Honnens, H., Assheuer, T. & Ehlers, RU. Enrichment of the nematode Panagrolaimus sp., a potential live food for marine aquaculture, with essential n-3 fatty acids. Aquacult Int 22, 399–409 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-013-9648-3

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