Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Total fish meal replacement with rapeseed protein concentrate in diets fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum)

  • Published:
Aquaculture International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The potential of rapeseed protein concentrate as fish meal alternative in diets for rainbow trout (initial average weight 37.8 ± 1.4 g) was evaluated. Nine experimental tanks of a freshwater flow-through system were stocked with 12 fish each. Triplicate groups of fish received isonitrogenous (47.9 ± 0.5% CP) and isoenergetic (22.4 ± 0.2 kJ g−1) experimental diets with 0, 66 and 100% of fish meal substituted with rapeseed protein concentrate (71.2% CP), thereby providing 0, 29 and 43% of dietary protein. As the amino acid profile of rapeseed protein concentrate was comparable to fish meal, there was no need to supplement experimental diets with synthetic amino acids. At the end of the 84 days of feeding period, fish growth performance, feed intake and feed efficiencies were not compromised, when 100% of fish meal in the control diet was replaced with rapeseed protein concentrate, revealing a SGR of 1.19 or 1.10, a FCR of 1.09 or 1.18 and a feed intake of 78.5 or 74.7 g in fish fed on the control diet or fed the diet devoid of fish meal, respectively. Intestinal morphology did not reveal any histological abnormalities in all dietary groups. Blood parameters including haematocrit and haemoglobin as well as glucose, triglycerides and total protein in the plasma were not different between treatment groups. Thus, the rapeseed protein concentrate tested here has great potential as an alternative to fish meal in rainbow trout diets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adelizi PD, Rosati RR, Warner K, Wu YV, Muench TR, White MR, Brown PB (1998) Evaluation of fish-meal free diets for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquacult Nutr 4:255–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson-Hafermann JC, Zhang Y, Parsons CM (1993) Effects of processing on the nutritional quality of canola meal. Poultry Sci 72:326–333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baeverfjord G, Krogdahl Å (1996) Development and regression of soybean meal induced enteritis in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. distal intestine: a comparison with the intestines of fasted fish. J Fish Dis 19:375–387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burel C, Boujard T, Tulli F, Kaushik SJ (2000a) Digestibility of extruded peas, extruded lupin, and rapeseed meal in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and turbot (Psetta maxima). Aquaculture 188:285–298

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burel C, Boujard T, Escaffre AM, Kaushik SJ, Boeuf G, Mol K, van der Geyten S, Kühn ER (2000b) Dietary low glucosinolate rapeseed meal affects thyroid status and nutrient utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Br J Nutr 83:653–664

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burel C, Boujard T, Kaushik SJ, Boeuf G, van der Geyten S, Mol KA, Kühn ER, Quinsac A, Krouti M, Ribaillier D (2000c) Potential of plant-protein sources as fish meal substitutes in diets for turbot (Psetta maxima): growth, nutrient utilisation and thyroid status. Aquaculture 188:363–382

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burel C, Boujard T, Kaushik SJ, Boeuf G, Mol KA, van der Geyten S, Darras VM, Kühn ER, Pradet-Balade B, Quérat B, Quinsac A, Krouti M, Ribaillier D (2001) Effects of rapeseed meal glucosinolates on thyroid metabolism and feed utilization in rainbow trout. Gen Comp Endocr 124:343–358

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chabanon G, Chevalot I, Framboisier X, Chenu S, Marc I (2007) Hydrolysis of rapeseed protein isolates: kinetics, characterization and functional properties of hydrolysates. Process Biochem 42:1419–1428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Congleton JL, Wagner T (2006) Blood-chemistry indicators of nutritional status in juvenile salmonids. J Fish Biol 69:473–490

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies SJ, McConnel S, Bateson RI (1990) Potential of rapeseed meal as an alternative protein source in complete diets for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus Peters). Aquaculture 87:145–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Espe M, Lemme A, Petri A, El-Mowafi A (2006) Can Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) grow on diets devoid of fish meal? Aquaculture 255:255–262

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Espe M, Lemme A, Petri A, El-Mowafi A (2007) Assessment of lysine requirement for maximal protein accretion in Atlantic salmon using plant protein diets. Aquaculture 263:168–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fenwick GR, Spinks EA, Wilkinson AP, Henry RK, Legoy MA (1986) Effect of processing on the antinutrient content of rapeseed. J Sci Food Agr 37:735–741

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Francis G, Makkar HPS, Becker K (2001) Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish. Aquaculture 199:197–227

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaushik SJ, Covès D, Dutto G, Blanc D (2004) Almost total replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a marine teleost, the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquaculture 230:391–404

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee K-J, Powell MS, Barrows FT, Smiley S, Bechtel P, Hardy RW (2010) Evaluation of supplemental fish bone meal made from Alaska seafood processing byproducts and dicalcium phosphate in plant protein based diets for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 302:248–255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mawson R, Heaney RK, Zdunczyk Z, Kozlowska H (1995) Rapeseed meal—glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects: part 7. Processing. Die Nahrung 39:32–41

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mwachireya SA, Beames RM, Higgs DA, Dosanjh BS (1999) Digestibility of canola protein products derived from the physical, enzymatic and chemical processing of commercial canola meal in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) held in fresh water. Aquacult Nutr 5:73–82

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naczk M, Shahidi F (1990) Carbohydrates of canola and rapeseed. In: Shahidi F (ed) Canola, rapeseed: production, chemistry, nutrition and processing technology. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • NRC (National Research Council) (1993) Nutrient requirements of fish. National Academy Press, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogino C, Takeda H (1978) Requirements of rainbow trout for dietary calcium and phosphorus. B Jpn Soc Sci Fish 44:1015–1018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodehutscord M, Becker A, Pack M, Pfeffer E (1997) Response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to supplements of individual essential amino acids in a semipurified diet, including an estimate of the maintenance requirement for essential amino acids. J Nutr 126:1166–1175

    Google Scholar 

  • Shafaeipour A, Yavari V, Falahatkar B, Maremmazi JGH, Gorjipour E (2008) Effects of canola meal on physiological and biochemical parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquacult Nutr 14:110–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shao Q, Ma J, Xu Z, Hu W, Xu J, Xie S (2008) Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile black seabream, Sparus macrocephalus. Aquaculture 277:92–100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheehan DC, Hrapchak BB (1980) Theory and practice of histotechnology, 2nd edn. Mosby Publishing Co., St Louis

    Google Scholar 

  • Skonberg DI, Yogev L, Hardy RW, Dong FM (1997) Metabolic response to dietary phosphorus intake in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 157:11–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slawski H, Adem H, Tressel R-P, Wysujack K, Koops U, Schulz C (2011a) Replacement of fish meal with rapeseed protein concentrate in diets fed to common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Israeli J Aquacult - Bamidgeh 63:6. IIC:63.2011.605

    Google Scholar 

  • Slawski H, Adem H, Tressel R-P, Wysujack K, Koops U, Wuertz S, Schulz C (2011b): Replacement of fish meal with rapeseed protein concentrate in diets fed to wels catfish (Silurus glanis L.). Aquacult Nutr. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00857.x

  • Stickney RR, Hardy RW, Koch K, Harrold R, Seawright D, Massee KC (1996) The effects of substituting selected oilseed protein concentrates for fish meal in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss diets. J World Aquacult Soc 27:57–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi M, Nakazoe J (1981) Effect of dietary phosphorus on lipid content and its composition in carp. B Jpn Soc Sci Fish 47:347–352

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thiessen DL, Campbell GL, Adelizi PD (2003) Digestibility and growth performance of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhychus mykiss) fed with pea and canola products. Aquacult Nutr 9:67–75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thiessen DL, Maenz DD, Newkirk RW, Classen HL, Drew MD (2004) Replacement of fish meal by canola protein concentrate in diets fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquacult Nutr 10:379–388

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torstensen BE, Espe M, Sanden M, Stubhaug I, Waagbø R, Hemre G-I, Fontanillas R, Nordgarden U, Hevrøy EM, Olsvik P, Berntssen MHG (2008) Novel production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) protein based on combined replacement of fish meal and fish oil with plant meal and vegetable oil blends. Aquaculture 285:193–200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tripathi MK, Agrawal IS, Sharma SD (2000) Effect of physio-chemical treatments on glucosinolates content of various rapeseed–mustard meals. Indian J Anim Nutr 17:211–216

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Ingh TSGAM, Krogdahl Å, Hendriks HGCJM, Koninkx JGJF (1991) Effects of soybean-containing diets on the proximal and distal intestine in Atlantic salmon: a morphological study. Aquaculture 94:297–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The project was financed by The European Fisheries Fund and the Zukunftsprogramm Fischerei des Landes Schleswig–Holstein.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Hafentörn 3, 25761, Büsum, Germany

    H. Slawski, S. Wuertz & C. Schulz

  2. Department of Marine Aquaculture, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany

    H. Slawski & C. Schulz

  3. Pilot Pflanzenöltechnologie Magdeburg e.V., Berliner Chaussee 66, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany

    H. Adem & R.-P. Tressel

  4. Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries, Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Wulfsdorfer Weg 204, 22926, Ahrensburg, Germany

    K. Wysujack & U. Koops

  5. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Aquaculture, Ag.Kosmas, Helleniko, Athens, Hellas, Greece

    Y. Kotzamanis

Authors
  1. H. Slawski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Adem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. R.-P. Tressel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. Wysujack
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. U. Koops
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Y. Kotzamanis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. S. Wuertz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. C. Schulz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. Slawski.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Slawski, H., Adem, H., Tressel, RP. et al. Total fish meal replacement with rapeseed protein concentrate in diets fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Aquacult Int 20, 443–453 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-011-9476-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-011-9476-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation