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Correlation of Spatial and Temporal Filtering Methods for Turbulence Quantification in Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) Engine Flows

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Abstract

High-speed particle image velocimetry (HSPIV) was applied to an optical spark-ignition direct-injection engine in order to analyse various turbulent properties of the flow-field. The engine was motored at 1200 RPM with an intake pressure of 100 kPa, while HSPIV images were acquired at a sampling frequency of 5 kHz on both a vertical (tumble) plane and a horizontal (swirl) plane. The flow was decomposed in mean and fluctuating components via three different methods — ensemble averaging, spatial filtering, and temporal filtering. It was found that the velocity fluctuations calculated via the ensemble average method were more closely linked to low-frequency rather than high-frequency fluctuations, suggesting that they are more representative of cycle-to-cycle variation rather than true turbulence. Visual inspection of the high-frequency fluctuating flow-fields derived through the two filter based approaches revealed turbulent structures of similar size, shape and distribution. To equate the two filtering methods quantitatively, a spatial filter was designed with a mean flow speed scaled cut-off length, which was tuned in order to match the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) of a 300 Hz temporal filter. A brief case study was then performed on a fuel-injected operating condition, run at the same 1200 RPM engine speed and 100 kPa intake pressure. A 1:1 split ratio dual-injection strategy was employed, with the first injection at 300°CA bTDC and the second injection at 110°CA bTDC. The relatively late second injection was found to significantly increase both the mean and turbulent velocities present in the flow-field in comparison to the motored condition, with TKE magnitudes being ∼5 to 10 fold higher, depending on the choice of cut-off length.

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Acknowledgements

Experiments were conducted at the UNSW Engine Research Laboratory, Sydney, Australia. Support for this research was provided by the Australian Research Council via the Linkage Projects scheme.

Funding

This study was funded by the Australian Research Council (grant number LP140100817).

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  1. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

    Lewis Gene Clark & Sanghoon Kook

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  1. Lewis Gene Clark
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Correspondence to Lewis Gene Clark.

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Clark, L.G., Kook, S. Correlation of Spatial and Temporal Filtering Methods for Turbulence Quantification in Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) Engine Flows. Flow Turbulence Combust 101, 161–189 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-018-9892-8

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