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Ticks of the Central African Republic

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Abstract

A review is presented of the ticks of the Central African Republic (C.A.R.), based on unpublished data and a literature review. We consider as established in the C.A.R. two species of Argasidae (one species of each of the genera Carios and Ornithodoros) and 49 species of Ixodidae: 5 Ixodes, 11 Amblyomma, 2 Dermacentor, 9 Haemaphysalis, 4 Hyalomma, and 18 Rhipicephalus species, 3 of which belong to the subgenus Boophilus. Two of these species, one Amblyomma and one Dermacentor, may by now have disappeared from the country together with their hosts, the black and white rhinoceroses. Moreover, four other species of Ixodidae have been recorded, but are not necessarily established in the country, and 6 species of Ixodidae have apparently been reported incorrectly; the data for the occurrence of three other species of Ixodidae are uncertain. Rhipicephalus species in the C.A.R. present the greatest difficulties in identification, on the one hand because of uncertainties in taxonomy, particularly in the capensis group, on the other hand because of individual variability, which means that individual specimens cannot always be reliably identified to species. Examining the dissected and cleared gonopore structure of females helps, but is very time-consuming where large numbers are involved. Some of the species of the genus Haemaphysalis are also difficult to identify with certainty. There are only a few species of Hyalomma in the country. We revised also some old records of ticks in C.A.R., which we consider as unreliable and should be disregarded because of subsequent changes in taxonomy and nomenclature, unless the material is still available for examination.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the specialists who confirmed or corrected some of our identifications, in particular to the late Pierre Morel at the Institut d’Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire des Pays Tropicaux (IEMVT) in Maisons-Alfort, to the late Harry Hoogstraal and his staff at US NAMRU 3 in Cairo, to Dr. Carleton Clifford, then of the Rocky Mountain Laboratory in the USA, to the late Makram Kaiser (first at NAMRU 3, later in FAO) and to Dr. Jean-Louis Camicas, now retired from IRD (ORSTOM). We also thank the team of hunters, who helped in collecting samples, often in difficult circumstances: Messrs M. Cabaille, X. Bangha, Stanguennec, A. Latakpi, Ricatte, J. Laboureur and M. De Possesse, and in one case Pierre Morel, and we are grateful to the other persons who collected ticks, particularly Messrs. M. Giret, R. Lacotte, Sekossi and Djollet.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. «A Surgente», route du Port, 20130, Cargèse, Corsica, France

    Gerrit Uilenberg

  2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Saragossa, Spain

    Agustín Estrada-Peña

  3. 10 rue Bichat, 51000, Châlon-en-Champagne, France

    Jean Thal

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  1. Gerrit Uilenberg
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  2. Agustín Estrada-Peña
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  3. Jean Thal
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Correspondence to Gerrit Uilenberg.

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Uilenberg, G., Estrada-Peña, A. & Thal, J. Ticks of the Central African Republic. Exp Appl Acarol 60, 1–40 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-012-9605-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-012-9605-2

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