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Effects of an Organizational Linkage Intervention on Inter-Organizational Service Coordination Between Probation/Parole Agencies and Community Treatment Providers

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Abstract

Weak coordination between community correctional agencies and community-based treatment providers is a major barrier to diffusion of medication-assisted treatment (MAT)—the inclusion of medications (e.g., methadone and buprenorphine) in combination with traditional counseling and behavioral therapies to treat substance use disorders. In a multisite cluster randomized trial, experimental sites (j = 10) received a 3-h MAT training plus a 12-month linkage intervention; control sites (j = 10) received the 3-h training alone. Hierarchical linear models showed that the intervention resulted in significant improvements in perceptions of interagency coordination among treatment providers, but not probation/parole agents. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.

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Notes

  1. In some sites, change team members also included representatives from Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) or another local agency responsible for Alcohol or Other Drug (AOD) assessments.

  2. A random effect was not estimated for Treatment Agency (27 treatment agencies participated across the 20 sites), but the “Subjects” statement in GLMM explicitly separated cases by Treatment Agency so as to avoid mixing ratings of or by distinct treatment agencies in any specific site.

  3. For IOR1, n = 458 for BL; n = 323 for 12MO; total cases available for analyses = 781. Because each respondent may have rated more than one treatment agency, and because different respondents may have been sampled at BL and 12MO, the total number of unique individuals (rather than cases) was n = 439.

  4. For IOR2, n = 213 for BL; n = 171 for 12MO; total cases available for analyses = 384. Because different respondents may have been sampled at BL and 12MO, the total number of unique individuals (rather than cases) was n = 270.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded under a cooperative agreement from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH/NIDA), with support from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and the Bureau of Justice Assistance, US Department of Justice. The authors gratefully acknowledge the collaborative contributions by NIDA; the Coordinating Center, AMAR International, Inc.; and the Research Centers participating in CJ-DATS. The Research Centers include: Arizona State University and Maricopa County Adult Probation (U01DA025307); University of Connecticut and the Connecticut Department of Correction (U01DA016194); University of Delaware and the Delaware Department of Correction (U01DA016230); Friends Research Institute and the Maryland Department of Public Safety Correctional Services’Division of Parole and Probation (U01DA025233); University of Kentucky and the Kentucky Department of Corrections (U01DA016205); University of Rhode Island, Rhode Island Hospital and the Rhode Island Department of Corrections (U01DA016191); Texas Christian University and the Illinois Department of Corrections (U01DA016190); Temple University and the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (U01DA025284); and the University of California at Los Angeles and the Washington State Department of Corrections (U01DA016211). The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent the views of NIDA nor any of the sponsoring organizations, agencies, CJ-DATS partner sites, or the U.S. government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Temple University, Philadelphia, USA

    Wayne N. Welsh, Jennifer Wood & Nathan Link

  2. University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA

    Hannah K. Knudsen

  3. Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, USA

    Kevin Knight & Jennifer Pankow

  4. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), Rockville, MD, USA

    Lori Ducharme

  5. Providence Veteran Affairs Medical Center and Brown University, Providence, USA

    Peter D. Friedmann

  6. Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, USA

    Peter D. Friedmann

  7. Arizona State University, Phoenix, USA

    Terry Urbine & Adrienne Lindsey

  8. University of Delaware, Newark, USA

    Sami Abdel-Salam & Laura Monico

  9. University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, USA

    Carmen Albizu-Garcia

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Welsh, W.N., Knudsen, H.K., Knight, K. et al. Effects of an Organizational Linkage Intervention on Inter-Organizational Service Coordination Between Probation/Parole Agencies and Community Treatment Providers. Adm Policy Ment Health 43, 105–121 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-014-0623-8

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