Abstract
In the bottom sediments from a number of the Barents Sea sites, including coastal areas of the Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, and Svalbard archipelagos, sulphate reduction rates were measured and the phylogenetic composition of sulphate-reducing bacterial (SRB) communities was analysed for the first time. Molecular genetic analysis of the sequences of the 16S rRNA and dsrB genes (the latter encodes the β-subunit of dissimilatory (bi)sulphite reductase) revealed significant differences in the composition of bacterial communities in different sampling stations and sediment horizons of the Barents Sea depending on the physicochemical conditions. The major bacteria involved in reduction of sulphur compounds in Arctic marine bottom sediments belonged to Desulfobulbaceae, Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfuromonadaceae, and Desulfarculaceae families, as well as to uncultured clades SAR324 and Sva0485. Desulfobulbaceae and Desulfuromonadaceae predominated in the oxidised (Eh = 154–226 mV) upper layers of the sediments (up to 9% and 5.9% from all reads of the 16S rRNA gene sequences in the sample, correspondingly), while in deeper, more reduced layers (Eh = −210 to −105 mV) the share of Desulfobacteraceae in the SRB community was also significant (up to 5%). The highest relative abundance of members of Desulfarculaceae family (3.1%) was revealed in reduced layers of sandy-clayey sediments from the Barents Sea area affected by currents of transformed (mixed, with changed physicochemical characteristics) Atlantic waters.
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Data availability
The datasets generated and analysed during the current study from the 16S rRNA gene sequencing are available in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) repository under accession numbers SRX8118116-SRX8118127 and BioSample repository under accession numbers SAMN14599701-SAMN14599712 (BioProject PRJNA624280)—https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/?term=PRJNA624280. The datasets generated and analysed during the current study from the dsrB gene sequencing are available in the GenBank repository under accession numbers MT806071-MT806087—https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/.
Code availability
Not applicable.
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Determination of organic carbon was carried out at the expense of the Russian Science Foundation (Grant Number 20-17-00157). Primary treatment of the samples and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragments were supported by the Russian Science Foundation also. Analysis of the geological data, radioisotope measurements of sulfate reduction rates, PCR analysis and sequencing of the dsrB gene fragments were supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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ALB—designed study, performed research, analysed data, wrote the most part of the paper; VVK—designed study, performed research, analysed data, wrote the paper; IIR—performed research, analysed data; ANN—performed research, analysed data, wrote the paper; TAK—performed research, analysed data; NVP—performed research, analysed data; NVR—designed study; NVP—designed study.
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Brioukhanov, A.L., Kadnikov, V.V., Rusanov, I.I. et al. Phylogenetic diversity in sulphate-reducing bacterial communities from oxidised and reduced bottom sediments of the Barents Sea. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 115, 801–820 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-022-01733-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-022-01733-9