Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Salinicoccus halitifaciens sp. nov., a novel bacterium participating in halite formation

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Strain JC90T was isolated from a soda lake in Lonar, India. Strain JC90T maintains its external pH to 8.5 and participates in halite formation. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain JC90T was found to belong to the genus Salinicoccus and is most closely related to “Salinicoccus kekensis” K164T (99.3 %), Salinicoccus alkaliphilus T8T (98.4 %) and other members of the genus Salinicoccus (<96.5 %). However Strain JC90T is <36 % related (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) with the type strains of “S. kekensis” K164T and S. alkaliphilus T8T. The DNA G+C content of strain JC90T was determined to be 46 mol %. The cell-wall amino acids were identified as lysine and glycine. Polar lipids were found to include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, an unidentified glycolipid and unidentified lipids (L1,2). Major hopanoids of strain JC90T were determined to be bacterial hopane derivatives (BHD1,2), diplopterol, diploptene and two unidentified hopanoids (UH1,2). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was identified as menaquinone (MK-6). Anteiso-C15:0 was determined to be the predominant fatty acid and significant proportions of iso-C14:0, C14:0, iso-C15:0, C16:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0, anteiso-C17:0 and C18:02OH were also detected. The results of physiological and biochemical tests support the molecular evidence and allowed a clear phenotypic differentiation of strain JC90T from all other members of the genus Salinicoccus. Strain JC90T is therefore considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Salinicoccus halitifaciens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC90T (=KCTC 13894T =DSM 25286T).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 215:403–410

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brosius J, Palmer ML, Kennedy PJ, Noller HF (1978) Complete nucleotide sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci 75:4801–4805

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cappuccino JG, Sherman N (1998) Microbiology–A laboratory manual, 5th edn. Benjamin/Cummings Science Publishing, California

    Google Scholar 

  • Castainer S, Perthuisot JP, Matrat M, Morvan JY (1999) The salt ooids of Berre salt works (Bouches du Rho?ne, France): the role of bacteria in salt crystallization. Sediment Geol 125:9–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chun J, Lee J-H, Jung Y, Kim M, Kim S, Kim BK, Lim YW (2007) EzTaxon: a web-based tool for the identification of prokaryotes based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2259–2261

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao M, Wang L, Chen SF, Zhou Y-G, Liu HC (2010) Salinicoccus kekensis sp. nov., a novel alkaliphile and halophile isolated from Keke salt lakein Qinghai. Chaina. Ant van Leeuvenhook 98:351–357

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grant WD, Gemmell RT, McGenity TJ (1998) Halobacteria: the evidence for longevity. Extremophiles 2:279–287

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiraishi A, Hoshino Y (1984) Distribution of rhodoquinone in Rhodospirillaceae and its taxonomic implications. J Gen Appl Microbiol 30:435–448

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiraishi A, Hoshino Y, Kitamura H (1984) Isoprenoid quinone composition in the classification of Rhodospirillaceae. J Gen Appl Microbiol 30:197–210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Imhoff JF, Pfennig N (2001) Thioflavicoccus mobilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel purple sulfur bacterium with bacteriochlorophyll-b. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:105–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Imhoff JF, Süling J, Petri R (1998) Phylogenetic relationships among the Chromatiaceae, their taxonomic reclassification and description of the new genera Allochromatium, Halochromatium, Isochromatium, Marichromatium, Thiococcus, Thiohalocapsa and Thermochromatium. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:1129–1143

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kates M (1972) Techniques of Lipidology. Elsevier, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kates M (1986) Techniques of lipidology: isolation, analysis, and identification of lipids. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krulwich TA, Guffanti AA, Seto-Young D (1990) pH homeostasis and bioenergetic work in alkalophils. FEMS Microbiol Rev 6:271–278

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krulwich TA, Sachs G, Padan E (2011) Molecular aspects of bacterial pH sensing and homeostasis. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:330–343

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lakshmi KVNS, Sasikala Ch, Ashok Kumar GV, Chandrasekaran R, Ramana ChV (2011) Phaeovibrio sulfidiphilus gen. nov. sp. nov., phototrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from brackish water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 61:828–832

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lane DJ, Pace B, Olsen GJ, Stahl DA, Sogin ML (1985) Rapid determination of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proc Natl Acad Sci 82:6955–6959

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Cortes A, Ochoa JL, Vazquez-Duhalt R (1944) Participation of halobacteria in crystal formation and the crystallization rate of NaCl. Geomicrobiol 12:69–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marmur J (1961) A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from microorganisms. J Mol Biol 3:208–218

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKerrow J, Vagg S, McKinney T, Seviour EM, Maszenan AM, Brooks P, Seviour RJ (2000) A simple HPLC method for analyzing diaminopimelic acid diastereomers in cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 30:178–182

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Medeiro PM, Simoneit BRT (2007) Analysis of sugars in environmental samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromato A1141:271–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mesbah M, Premachandran U, Whitman WB (1989) Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:159–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norton CF, Grant WD (1988) Survival of halobacteria within fluid inclusions in salt crystals. J Gen Microbiol 134:1365–1373

    Google Scholar 

  • Oren A, Duker S, Ritter S (1996) The polar lipid composition of Walsby’s square bacterium. FEMS Microbiol Lett 138:135–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Osterrothová K, Jehlička J (2011) Investigation of biomolecules trapped in fluid inclusions inside halite crystals by Raman spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acad Part A 83:288–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Padan E, Bibi E, Ito M, Krulwish TA (2005) Alkaline pH homeostasis in bacteria: new insights. Biochim et Biophy Acta 1717:67–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pasteris JD, Freeman JJ, Wopenka B, Qi K, Ma Q, Wooley KL (2006) What a grain of salt: what halite has to offer to discussions on the origin of life. Astrobiology 6:625–643

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Priester JH, Horst AM, van de Werfhorst LC, Saleta JL, Mertes LA, Holden PA (2007) Enhanced visualization of microbial biofilims by staining and environmental scanning electron microscopy. J Microbiol Method 68:577–587

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rivadeneyra MA, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Delgado G, Delgado R (1996) Process of carbonate participation by Deleya halophila. Cur Microbiol 32:308–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rohmer M, Bouvier-Nave P, Ourisson G (1984) Distribution of hopanoid triterpenes in prokaryotes. J Gen Microbiol 130:1137–1150

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sasser M (1990) Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids. MIDI Inc., Newark

    Google Scholar 

  • Schleifer KH (1985) Analysis of the chemical composition and primary structure of murein. Methods Microbiol 18:123–156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schleifer KH, Kandler O (1972) Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications. Bacteriol Rev 36:407–477

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slonczewski JL, Fujisawa M, Dopson M, Krulwich TA (2009) Cytoplasmic pH measurement and homeostasis in bacteria and archaea. Adv Microbial Physiol 55:1–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stackebrandt E, Ebers J (2006) Taxonomic parameters revisited: tarnished gold standards. Microbiol Today 3:152–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Stackebrandt E, Goebel BM (1994) A place for DNA–DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:846–849

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007) MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol 24:1596–1599

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang S-K, Wang Y, Lou K, Mao P-H, Xu L-H, Jiang C-L, Kim C-J, Li W-J (2009a) Kocuria halotolerans sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from a saline soil in China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1316–1320

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang S-K, WangY Chen Y, Lou K, Cao L–L, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2009b) Zhihengliuella alba sp. nov., and emended description of the genus Zhihengliuella. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:2025–2032

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tindall BJ (1990a) Lipid composition of Halobacterium lacusprofundi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 66:199–202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tindall BJ (1990b) A comparative study of the lipid composition of Halobacterium saccharovorum from various sources. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:128–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tindall BJ, Rosselló-Móra R, Busse H-J, Ludwig W, Kämpfer P (2010) Notes on the characterization of prokaryote strains for taxonomic purposes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:249–266

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tourova TP, Antonov AS (1987) Identification of microorganisms by rapid DNA–DNA hybridization. Meth Microbiol 19:333–355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ventosa A, Marquez MC, Ruiz-Berraquero F, Kocur M (1990) Salinicoccus roseus gen. nov. sp. nov. a new moderately halophilic Gram-positive coccus. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:29–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ventosa A, Marquez MC, Weiss N, Tindall BJ (1992) Transfer of Marinococcus hispanicus to the genus Salinicoccus as Salinicoccus hispanicus comb. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 15:530–534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Oren A (1998) Biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria. Mol Biol Rev 62:504–544

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vreeland W, Rosenzweig WD, Powers DW (2000) Isolation of a 250 million year old halotolerant bacterium from a primary salt crystal. Lett Nature 407:897–900

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zamarreño DV, Inkpen R, May E (2009) Carbonate crystals precipitated by fresh water bacteria and their use as a limestone consolidant. App Envoron Microbiol 75:5981–5990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y-Q, Yu L-Y, Liu H-Y, Zhang Y-Q, Xu L-H, Li W-J (2007) Salinicoccus luteus sp. nov., isolated from a desert soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1901–1905

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Financial assistance received from MoES, Government of India is acknowledged. UGC-BSR-RFSMS is greatly acknowledged for the Junior Research Fellowship awarded to SY. We thank Prof. J. Euzéby for his expert suggestion concerning the correct species epithet and Latin etymology.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Hyderabad, 500 046, India

    Chintalapati Venkata Ramana, Yadav Subhash, Lodha Tushar, Tapas Mukherjee & Pemmaraju Usha Kiran

  2. Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, J.N.T. University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, 500 085, India

    Are Srinivas & Chintalapati Sasikala

Authors
  1. Chintalapati Venkata Ramana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Are Srinivas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yadav Subhash
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lodha Tushar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Tapas Mukherjee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Pemmaraju Usha Kiran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Chintalapati Sasikala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chintalapati Sasikala.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 348 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ramana, C.V., Srinivas, A., Subhash, Y. et al. Salinicoccus halitifaciens sp. nov., a novel bacterium participating in halite formation. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 103, 885–898 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9870-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9870-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation