Abstract
We consider weakenings of normality in \(\Psi\)-spaces and prove that the existence of an AD family whose \(\Psi\)-space is almost-normal but not normal follows from CH. In contrast, we prove that it is consistent that no MAD family is almost-normal. We also construct a partly-normal not quasi-normal AD family, answering questions of García-Balan and Szeptycki. We finish by showing that the concepts of almost-normal and strongly \(\aleph_0\)-separated AD families are different, even under CH, answering a question of Oliveira-Rodrigues and Santos-Ronchim.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
I. Alshammari, L. Kalantan, and S. A. Thabit, Partial normality, J. Math. Anal., 10 (2019), 1-8.
I. E. AlShammari and L. Kalantan, Quasi-normality of Mrówka spaces, Eur. J. Pure Appl. Math.,13 (2020), 697-700.
B. Balcar, J. Dočkálková, and P. Simon, Almost disjoint families of countable sets, in: Finite and Infinite Sets, Elsevier (1984), 59-88.
B. Balcar and P. Simon, Disjoint refinement, Handbook of Boolean Algebras, vol. 2, North-Holland (Amsterdam 1989), pp. 333-388.
A. Blass, Combinatorial cardinal characteristics of the continuum, in: Foreman M., Kanamori A. (eds), Handbook of Set Theory, Springer (2010), pp. 395-490.
J. Brendle, Dow's principle and Q-sets, Canad. Math. Bull., 42 (1999), 13-24.
A. Dow, On compact separable radial spaces, Canad. Math. Bull., 40 (1997), 422- 432.
A. Dow, Sequential order under PFA, Canad. Math. Bull., 54 (2011), 270-276.
A. Dow and S. Shelah, Martin's axiom and separated mad families, Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, 61 (2012), 107-115.
R. Engelking, General Topology, Heldermann (1989).
P. Erdős and S. Shelah, Separability properties of almost-disjoint families of sets, Israel J. Math., 12 (1972), 207-214.
F. Galvin and P. Simon, A Čech function in ZFC, Fund. Math., 193 (2007), 181-188.
O. Guzmán-González, M. Hrušák, C. A. Martínez-Ranero, and U. A. Ramos-García, Generic existence of mad families, J. Symbolic Logic, 82 (2017), 303-316.
S. H. Hechler, Classifying almost-disjoint families with applications to ßN-N, Israel J. Math., 10 (1971), 413-432.
M. Hrušák, Almost disjoint families and topology, in: Recent Progress in General Topology, III, Springer (2014), 601-638.
M. Hrušák and O. Guzmán, n-Luzin gaps, Topology Appl., 160 (2013), 1364-1374.
V. Kannan and M. Rajagopalan, Hereditarily locally compact separable spaces, in: Categorical Topology, Springer (1979), pp. 185-195.
K. Kunen, Set Theory an Introduction to Independence Proofs, Elsevier (2014).
N. N. Luzin, On subsets of the series of natural numbers, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Matem., 11 (1947), 403-410.
D. A. Martin and R. M. Solovay, Internal Cohen extensions, Ann. Math. Logic, 2 (1970), 143-178.
H. Mildenberger, D. Raghavan, and J. Steprans, Splitting families and complete separability, Canad. Math. Bull., 57 (2014), 119-124.
S. Mrówka, On completely regular spaces,Fund. Math., 41 (1955), 105-106.
V. dos Oliveira Rodrigues and V. dos Santos Ronchim, Almost-normality of Isbell- Mrówka spaces, Topology Appl., 288 (2020), Paper No. 107470, 13 pp.
D. Raghavan, Almost disjoint families and diagonalizations of length continuum, Bulletin Symbolic Logic, 16 (2010), 240-260.
S. Shelah, MAD saturated families and SANE player,Canad. J. Math., 63 (2011), 1416-1435.
P. Simon, A note on almost disjoint refinement, Acta Univ. Carolin. Math. Phys., 37 (1996), 89-99.
M. Singal and S. P. Arya, Almost-normal and almost completely regular spaces, Glasnik Mat., 5 (1970), 141-152.
P. J. Szeptycki and S. García-Balan, Weak normality properties in \(\Psi\)-spaces, arXiv:2007.05844 (2020).
F. D. Tall, Set-theoretic consistency results and topological theorems concerning the normal Moore space conjecture and related problems, PhD thesis, The University of Wisconsin-Madison (1969).
V. I. Zaitsev, Some classes of topological spaces and their bicompact extensions, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 178 (1968), 778-779.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The author gratefully acknowledges support from CONACyT scholarship 742627.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Corral, C. Madness and weak forms of normality. Acta Math. Hungar. 165, 291–307 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10474-021-01186-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10474-021-01186-y
Key words and phrases
- almost-normal MAD family
- almost disjoint family
- normal
- almost-normal
- partly-normal
- quasi-normal
- strongly \(\aleph_0\)-separated