Abstract
This paper presents a new current mode implementation of a balanced-output-signal generator that utilizes an operational floating current conveyor (OFCC) as a basic building block. The OFCC, as a current-mode device, shows flexible properties with respect to other current or voltage-mode circuits. The advantages of the proposed current mode balanced-output-signal generator (CMBG) are threefold. Firstly, it offers an accurate phase and amplitude performance over a wide bandwidth without requiring matched resistors. Secondly, it has a differential input and it can provide either current or voltage outputs. Finally, the proposed CMBG circuit offers a significant improvement in accuracy compared to other CMBGs based on the current conveyor. The proposed CMBG has been analyzed, simulated and experimentally tested. The experimental results verify that the proposed CMBG outperforms existing CMBGs in terms of the number of basic building blocks used and accuracy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rzeszewski, T. (1976). A system approach to synchronous detection. IEEE Transactions On Consumer Electronics, CE-22(2), 186–193.
Nakanishi, M., & Sakamoto, Y. (1996). Analysis of first-order feedback loop with lock-in amplifier. IEEE Transaction on Circuit and System II, 43(8), 570–576.
Duque-Carrillo, J. F. (1993). Control of the common-mode component in CMOS continuous-time fully differential signal processing. Analog Integrated Circuit and Signal Processing, 4, 131–140.
Ghallab, Y. H., & Badawy, W. (2010). Lab-on-a-chip: Techniques, circuits and biomedical applications. Boston: Artech House Publisher.
Golnabi, H., & Ashrafi, A. (1996). Producing 180° out-of-phase signals from a sinusoidal waveform input. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 45(1), 312–314.
Baert, D. H. J. (1999). Circuit for the generation of balanced output signals. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 48(6), 1108–1110.
Gift, S. J. G., & Maundy, B. J. (2006). Balanced-output-signal generator. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 55(3), 835–838.
Abuelma’atti, M. T.(2013) Balanced output signal generator, US Patent 8,368,464 B2.
Ghallab, Y. H., Badawy, W., Kaler, K. V. I. S., & Maundy, B. J. (2005). A novel current-mode instrumentation amplifier based on operational floating current conveyor. IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, 54(5), 1941–1994.
Ghallab, Y. H., & Badawy, W. (2006). A new topology for a current-mode wheatstone bridge. IEEE Transaction on Circuit and System II, 53(1), 18–22.
Ghallab, Y. H., Badawy, W., Abou El-Ela, M., & El-Said, M. H. (2006). The operational floating current conveyor and its applications. Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, 15(3), 352–371.
Ghallab, Y. H. & Badawy, W. (2006). A New Design of the Current-mode Wheatstone Bridge Using Operational Floating Current Conveyor, International Conference on MEMS, NANO, and Smart Systems 2006 (ICMENS 2006), Dec. 27–29th (pp. 41–44) Cairo, Egypt.
Ghallab,Y. H., Badawy, W. & Kaler, K. V.I.S. (2003). A novel differential ISFET current mode read–out circuit using operational floating current conveyor, ICMENS 2003( pp. 255–258). Banff, Alberta, Canada.
Soclof, S. (1991). Design and applications of analog integrated circuits, Chap.9 (pp. 443–460). New York: Prentice Hall Inc.
Analog Devices Manual “450 V/μs, precision, current-feedback OpAmp (AD846)” (pp. 2-307–2-317).
Harris semiconductor “CA3096, CA3096A, CA3096C, NPN transistor arrays” File Number 595.4, December 1997.
National Semiconductor LF351 Wide Bandwidth JFET Input Operational Amplifier Data Sheet.
Analog Devices Manual “ 60 MHz 2000 V/μs, monolithic Op Amp (AD844)”.
Acknowledgments
This research was partially funded by Zewail City of Science and Technology, AUC, the STDF, Intel, Mentor Graphics, and MCIT.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghallab, Y.H., Mostafa, H. & Ismail, Y. A new current mode implementation of a balanced-output-signal generator. Analog Integr Circ Sig Process 81, 751–762 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-014-0419-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-014-0419-5