Fig. 4

Shade effects on coffee morphological and physiological traits. A maximum PSII efficiency, Fv/Fm; B leaf photosynthetic rate, Anet; C specific leaf area; D total above ground biomass (average per plant), E relative growth rate, F stomatal conductance and G intracellular CO2 concentration of juvenile coffee plants. Means ± SE are shown, and different letters indicate statistically significant differences among shade levels. Each value represents a mean of approximately 30 individuals