Abstract
This research assessed how ecosystem services (ES) are taken into account in the decision-making process of stakeholders involved in the management of agroecosystems, in particular agroforestry systems, and how an Role-Playing Game (RPG) can serve as a tool to allow them to discuss the issues concerned. The study was conducted in two municipalities (Paragominas and Irituia) located in the Brazilian Amazon. The game was developed in 2018 using a co-construction process that mainly included farmers, students and researchers. Data was collected during two sessions of the game held in 2019, with participation by heterogeneous participants from different local institutions. Our results demonstrated that game sessions showed how the provision of ES, as well as other factors (e.g. values, availability of factors), is taken into account in planning the spatio-temporal configuration of the agroecosystem and associated agricultural practices. They also revealed some trade-offs involved in this decision-making process. We conclude that the RPG allowed stakeholders to synthesize and discuss different types of knowledge about this process. Bringing these elements to the discussion can contribute to an improved shared understanding of the challenges and possibilities of the ecological management of agroecosystems and can indicate solutions that are in line with local expectations.
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All the data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. Technical information about the parameters of the model are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Notes
“Refloramaz—Forest restoration by family farmers in the Eastern Amazon,” financed by Agropolis Fondation and EMBRAPA. This project had forest restoration as its central theme, with a strong emphasis on agroforestry systems.
Intermediate ecosystem services that contribute to improved production of goods can be called input services (Tibi and Therond 2018).
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Acknowledgements
We thank all local actors involved in the research and the financial support given by the research project “STRADIV—System approach for the TRAnsition to bio-DIVersified agroecosystems”, financed by Agropolis Fondation under the reference 1504-003; by the research project “Refloramaz—Forest restoration by family farmers in the Eastern Amazon”, financed by Agropolis Fondation under the reference ID 1503-011 through the « Investissements d’avenir » programme (Labex Agro:ANR-10-LABX-0001-01).
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Resque, A.G.L., Perrier, E., Coudel, E. et al. Discussing ecosystem services in management of agroecosystems: a role playing game in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Agroforest Syst 97, 447–461 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00633-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00633-7