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Growth and yield of mahogany wood in cocoa-based agroforestry systems of two soil types in the Brazilian Amazon

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Abstract

The mahogany tree (Swietenia macrophylla King) is a species of conservation concern, mostly due to illegal and destructive harvesting practices. It has been planted in several agroforestry systems in the Brazilian Amazon to preserve the species and provide a sustainable source of this valuable timber. This study analyzed the growth and yield of the mahogany wood from plants used as shading in cocoa-based agroforestry systems with nitisols and red–yellow acrisols, located in the State of Pará, in the Brazilian Amazon, because these two types of soils are the most recommended for implanting cocoa-based agroforestry systems in the region due to their natural fertility. The installed experiment was a randomized 2 × 6 factorial experiment, with two types of soil and six different tree ages. The results indicate that soil type and plant age both affected the increments in diameter at breast height. Trees from the red–yellow acrisol had statistically higher diameter at breast height values (P < 0.05) than trees from the nitisol (40.05 and 33.57 cm, respectively). There was also a significant interaction between soil type and tree age (P < 0.01). The average stem height differed markedly between the soil types from plants aged 19 and 22 years (P < 0.05), whereas average stem height differed significantly among the 16-, 19-, and 22-year-old plants (P < 0.05). The average wood volume was 1.41 m3 tree−1, and the highest yield (1.75 m3 tree−1) was achieved in the red–yellow acrisol site, for 33-year-old trees. These results demonstrate how the cocoa and mahogany-based agroforestry systems can produce these products in a sustainable manner in the Brazilian Amazon.

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Abbreviations

DBH:

Diameter at breast height

CITES:

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

V:

Volume

Hf :

Stem height

Ff :

Tree shape factor

H0 :

Null hypothesis

R 2 :

Determination coefficient

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Center for Studies and Research in Agribusiness (CEPAN), the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, the Research in Agribusiness Executive Commission for the Cocoa Farming Plan/Cocoa Research (CEPLAC), and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply in Belém, Brazil, for the opportunity and support to carry out this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Studies and Research in Agribusiness, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenue Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000, Brazil

    Sylvan Martins dos Reis, Edson Talamini & Homero Dewes

  2. Executive Commission for the Cocoa Farming Plan/Cocoa Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, Highway Augusto Montenegro, km 07, Belém, 66635-110, Brazil

    Sylvan Martins dos Reis, Paulo Júlio da Silva Neto & Antônio Carlos Gesta de Melo

  3. Altamira School of Agronomy, Federal University of Pará, Street Coronel José Porfírio, 2515, Altamira, 68372-040, Brazil

    Sebastião Geraldo Augusto

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  1. Sylvan Martins dos Reis
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  2. Edson Talamini
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  3. Paulo Júlio da Silva Neto
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  4. Sebastião Geraldo Augusto
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Correspondence to Sylvan Martins dos Reis.

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dos Reis, S.M., Talamini, E., da Silva Neto, P.J. et al. Growth and yield of mahogany wood in cocoa-based agroforestry systems of two soil types in the Brazilian Amazon. Agroforest Syst 93, 2163–2172 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0327-2

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