Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Genetic diversity in lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swing.) and lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.) based on quantitative traits in India

  • Published:
Agroforestry Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of this study was to collect and characterize lime and lemon accessions based on quantitative traits and to investigate genetic diversity in these species collected from the different agro-climatic zones of the India. Pomological diversity of 53 lime and 12 lemon accessions were analyzed based on 11 quantitative traits. The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean analysis showed that the accessions had similarity range from 0.07 to 1.0. Accessions were separated into two clusters at similarity value of 0.78. One of the clusters comprised most of the accessions and further divided into three sub clusters at similarity value of 0.74. Separation into clusters and sub-clusters was not based on altitude or agro-climatic zones. Principal component analysis indicated that seven PCA had eigen value greater than one. The cumulative variation explained by first five components (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, juice (volume) and per cent juice recovery accounted over 99 % variability. Based on PCA and coefficient of variation, traits like fruit weight, fruit length, juice volume and seed content had significant contribution in lime and lemon diversity, and can be used in discriminating among the accessions of citrus. Lime and lemon accessions with superior traits were identified and could be suitable used for expansion of area under cultivation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.

References

  • Anonymous (2006) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). FAOSTAT database. http://faoestat.fao.org

  • Arora R K (1998) Genetic resources of native tropical fruit in Asia: diversity, distribution and IPGRI’s emphasis on their conservation and use. In: Arora RK, Ramanatha Rao V (Eds) Tropical fruits in Asia: diversity, maintenance, conservation and use. Proceeding of IPGRI-ICAR-UT-FANET regional training course on the conservation and use of germplasm of tropical fruit in Asia held at IIHR, 18–31 May 1997

  • Bagde TR, Patil VS (1989) Chakradhar lime a new thorneless and seedless selection in lime (C. aurantifolia Swingle). Ann Plant Physiol 3:95–97

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya SC, Dutta S (1956) Classification of citrus fruits of Assam. Monograph No. 20 110, ICAR

  • Breto MP, Ruiz C, Pina JA, Asins MJ (2001) The diversification of Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tan., a vegetatively propagated crop species. Mol Physiol Evol 21:285–293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chakrawar VR, Rane DA (1977) Bud mutation in Nagpur mandarin orange. Res Bull 1:22–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Debbabi OS, Bouhlal R, Abdelaali N, Mnasri S, Mars M (2013) Pomological study of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) cultivars from Tunisia. Int J Fruit Sci 13(3):274–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dubey AK (1998) ARL-1: an acid lime variety for Arunachal Pradesh. ICAR News, New Delhi, pp 13–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Ercisli S, Yilmaz SO, Gadze J, Dzubur A, Hadziabulic S, Aliman J (2011) Some fruit characteristics of Cornelian Cherries (Cornus mas L.). Not Bot Hort Agrobot Cluj 39:255–259

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkes JG (1981) Germplasm collection, preservation and use. In: Frey KJ (ed) Plant breeding II. Iowa State University Press, Ames, pp 57–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Hintze JL (2007) NCSS and GEES. http://www.ncss.com

  • Holden JHW, Williams JT (1984) Crop genetic resources: conservation and evaluation. George Alien and Unwin, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Hore DK, Govind S, Singh IP (1997) Collecting of citrus germplasm from Mizoram and Tripura hills of India. Plant Genet Resour Newsl (IPGRI/FAO) 110:57–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Hossain M, Haque A (1977) Studies on the physical characteristics of jackfruit. Bangladesh Hortic 5:9–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Iezzoni AF, Pritts MP (1991) Application of principal component analysis to horticultural research. HortSci 26:334–338

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser HF (1960) The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educ Psychol Meas 20:141–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar M, Parthiban S, Sarala Devi D, Ponnuswami V (2013) Genetic diversity analysis of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) cultivars. Bioscan 8:481–484

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitra SK, Maity CS (2000) Genetic resources of jack fruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) in West Bengal, India. Acta Hortic 575:269–271

    Google Scholar 

  • Mratinic E, Aksic FM, Rakonjac V, Miletic R, Ziki M (2015) Morphological diversity of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) populations in the Stara Planina Mountain, Serbia. Plant Syst Evol 301:365–374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munankarmi NN, Shrestha RL, Rana N, Shrestha JKC, Shrestha S, Koirala R, Shrestha S (2014) Genetic diversity assessment of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia, Swingle) landraces of Eastern Nepal using RAPD markers. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol 2:315–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Odony TI, van Heerwaarden J, Jansen J, van Hintum TJL, van Ecuwijk FA (2011) Determination of genetic structure of germplasm collections: are traditional hierarchical clustering methods appropriate for molecular marker data? Theor Appl Genet 123:195–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paudyal KP, Haq N (2008) Variation of pommelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) in Nepal and participatory selection of strains for further improvement. Agroforest Syst 72:195–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penjor T, Mimura T, Matsumoto R, Yamamoto M, Nagano Y (2014) Characterization of limes (Citrus aurantifolia) grown in Bhutan and Indonesia using high-throughput sequencing. Sci Rep 4:4853

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rabha A, Wangchu L, Singh B (2013) Studies on genetic diversity of citrus in east Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh. Int J Agric Environ Biotech 6:131–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Rangana S (1986) Handbook of analysis and quality control for fruit and vegetable products, 2nd edn. McGraw Hill publishing Co Ltd, New Delhi 1103

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao VR, Hodgkin T (2002) Genetic diversity and conservation and utilization of plantgenetic resources. Plant Cell Tissue Organ 68:1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rohlf FJ (2000) NTSYS-pc: numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, ver. 2.10e. Exeter Ltd, Setauket

    Google Scholar 

  • Sapey E, Adusei-Fosu K, Agyei-Dwarko D, Okyere-Boateng G (2012) Collection of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) germplasm in the Northern Regions of Ghana. Asian J Agril Sci 4(5):325–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh IP, Singh S, Singh K, Srivastav R (2001) Exploration and collection of citrus germplasm from NEH region (Meghalaya) of India. J Plant Genet Resour 14:70–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Spreen TH (2010) Projections of world production and consumption of citrus to 2010. http://www.fao.org/docrep

  • Yilmaz KU, Zengin Y, Ercisli S, Orhan E, Yalcinkaya E, Taner O, Erdogan A (2009) Biodiversity, ex situ conservation and characterization of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas l.) genotypes in Turkey. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 23:1143–1149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zamani Z, Adabi M, Khadivi-Khub A (2013) Comparative analysis of genetic structure and variability in wild and cultivated pomegranates as revealed by morphological variables and molecular markers. Plant Syst Evol 299(10):1967–1980

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    A. K. Dubey, R. M. Sharma, O. P. Awasthi, Manish Srivastav & Nimisha Sharma

Authors
  1. A. K. Dubey
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. M. Sharma
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. P. Awasthi
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Manish Srivastav
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Nimisha Sharma
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. K. Dubey.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dubey, A.K., Sharma, R.M., Awasthi, O.P. et al. Genetic diversity in lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swing.) and lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.) based on quantitative traits in India. Agroforest Syst 90, 447–456 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9867-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9867-x

Keywords