Abstract
In this study, three silicalite adsorbents (silicalite a, silicalite b and silicalite c) for ethanol adsorption from aqueous phase were synthesized using tetraethylorthosilicate, Ludax solution and a new organic silica source, Tabasheer, respectively. Tetrapropylammonium hydroxide was used as primary structure directing agent and starch as secondary structure directing agent. XRD, BET, FT-IR and FE-SEM were used to characterize synthesized adsorbents. Single component adsorption for ethanol and water was investigated by non-adsorbing solvent concept. Binary adsorption isotherms of both components were also experimentally measured. A model based on real adsorbed solution theory was developed to predict experimental adsorption data. The XRD characterization confirmed that all silicalite adsorbents have the same MFI-type structure. FE-SEM results revealed that the different silica sources have impact on surface area and morphology. The BET surface area for adsorbents is in order of silicalite c > silicalite a > silicalite b. However, uptake rate toward ethanol is in order of silicalite a > silicalite c > silicalite b. The model based on real adsorbed solution theory predicted experimental adsorption isotherm data very well. In addition, results revealed that the binary adsorption uptake is lower than single component adsorption.
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Abbreviations
- Aij :
-
Adjustable parameter of NRTL model
- Ce :
-
Equilibrium concentration (g/gsol)
- \({C_{i,0}}\) :
-
Initial concentration of component i in the mixture
- \({C_{i,e}}\) :
-
Equilibrium concentrations of component i in the liquid mixture contacting the adsorbent.
- Ci :
-
Concentration of solute i at equilibrium in bulk phase liquid
- \(C_{i}^{0}\) :
-
Equilibrium single-solute ith adsorbed at the same temperature and spreading pressure of the system
- K:
-
Langmuir isotherm constant (gsol/g)
- \({m_{Ad}}\) :
-
Total mass adsorbed
- \({m_{l,0}}\) :
-
Mass of initial liquid solution added to the flask
- \({m_{l,R}}\) :
-
Mass of liquid mixture that removed after equilibrium
- \({m_l}\) :
-
Mass of remaining liquid in contact with adsorbent after \({m_{l,R}}\) liquid is removed
- mso :
-
Initial mass of solute added to the sample
- msv :
-
Mass of isooctane added to sample
- mAds :
-
Mass of adsorbent added to the vial.
- N:
-
Number of data point
- \({n_i}\) :
-
Adsorbed amount of each component
- \(n_{i}^{o}\) :
-
Total number of pure component i adsorbed at the same spreading pressure and temperature of mixture
- \({q_A}\) :
-
Amount of adsorbate A adsorbed into the adsorbent (g/gads)
- \({q_{ads}}\) :
-
Amount of solute adsorbed
- \(q_{i}^{0}\) :
-
Single component adsorption isotherm equation
- \({q_{i,\exp }}\) :
-
Value of experimental data point
- \({q_{i,calc}}\) :
-
Value of model prediction
- \({q_m}\) :
-
Maximum adsorption loading (g/gads)
- Va :
-
Adsorbent volume
- Vl :
-
Liquid mixture volume
- Vt :
-
Total volume of the flask
- \({w_{l,Et}}\) :
-
Ethanol mass fraction in bulk liquid phase
- \({w_{l,wt}}\) :
-
Water mass fraction in bulk liquid phase
- \({w_{a,wt}}\) :
-
Water mass fraction in adsorbed phase
- \({w_{a,Et}}\) :
-
Ethanol mass fraction in adsorbed phase
- w0 :
-
Initial total mass of liquid mixture (g)
- W s :
-
Mass of adsorbent (g)
- \({x_b}\) :
-
Weight fraction of solute in blank sample
- xi :
-
Equilibrium liquid mole fraction of component i
- xi0 :
-
Initial liquid mole fraction of component i
- \({x_{si}}\) :
-
Weight fraction of solute in adsorbent sample vial
- zi :
-
Mole fraction of species i adsorbed inside solid pores
- α:
-
Separation factor on mass basis
- αij :
-
Adjustable parameter of NRTL model
- π:
-
Spreading pressure
- Γi :
-
Surface excess (mole/g)
- \(\gamma _{i}^{L}\) :
-
Activity coefficient of species i in bulk phase at system temperature
- \(\gamma _{i}^{{Ls}}\) :
-
Activity coefficient of species i in fluid inside solid pores
- \(\mu _{i}^{L}\) :
-
Chemical potential of species i in bulk liquid phase
- \(\mu _{i}^{{Ls}}\) :
-
Chemical potential in liquids inside the solid pores.
- \({\rho _a}\) :
-
Density of the adsorbent (g/cm3)
- \({\rho _l}\) :
-
Density of the liquid (g/cm3)
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Hajilari, M., Shariati, A. & Khosravi-Nikou, M. Equilibrium adsorption of bioethanol from aqueous solution by synthesized silicalite adsorbents: experimental and modeling. Adsorption 25, 13–31 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-018-9992-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-018-9992-8