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Applicability of shrinking core model on the adsorption of heavy metals by clarified sludge from aqueous solution

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Abstract

Shrinking Core model, widely accepted in the solid-fluid non-catalytic reaction system was applied to analyze the adsorption of metal ions like Zn(II), Cr(VI), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from the aqueous solutions onto the clarified sludge (CLS). The diffusivities of different metal ions in clarified sludge were determined by global optimization. The depth of penetration was also estimated for different initial concentrations. The experimental concentration profiles at various initial concentrations for all these four different metal ions matched well with the model predictions.

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Abbreviations

C :

Metal concentration in the bulk solution at any time

C 0 :

Initial metal concentration in the bulk solution

C * :

Dimensionless concentration in the bulk \((=\frac{C}{C_{0}})\)

C *model ij :

Dimensionless concentration parameter according to model

C *exp  ij :

Dimensionless concentration parameter according to experiment

CLS:

Clarified sludge

D 0 :

Effective pore diffusion coefficient

d p :

Volume surface mean diameter

E(D0):

Objective function for global optimization

F :

Parameter defined in the Sect. 5.3

k 0 :

Langmuir isotherm constant

k *0 :

Dimensionless Langmuir isotherm constant (=k 0 C 0)

N(t):

Flux of the metal in CLS at time t

PCM:

Progressive conversion model

R :

Mean radius of the CLS particles \((=\frac{d_{p}}{2})\)

R f :

Radial distance of penetration front at time t

SCM:

Shrinking Core Model

r :

Dimensionless radial distance of penetration front at time t \((=\frac{R_{f}}{R})\)

t :

Time

t * :

Dimensionless time \((=\frac{D_{0}t}{R^{2}})\)

V :

Volume of stirred solution

W :

Mass of CLS added

W * :

Dimensionless mass of CLS added \((=\frac{W}{VC_{0}})\)

Y s :

Langmuir isotherm constant

Y * s :

Dimensionless Langmuir isotherm constant (=Y S C 0)

Y et :

Adsorbed amount in equilibrium with bulk concentration at time t

ρ :

Density of CLS

ρ * :

Dimensionless density of CLS

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700 009, India

    T. K. Naiya, A. K. Bhattacharjee, D. Sarkar & S. K. Das

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  1. T. K. Naiya
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  2. A. K. Bhattacharjee
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  3. D. Sarkar
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  4. S. K. Das
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Correspondence to S. K. Das.

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Naiya, T.K., Bhattacharjee, A.K., Sarkar, D. et al. Applicability of shrinking core model on the adsorption of heavy metals by clarified sludge from aqueous solution. Adsorption 15, 354–364 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-009-9186-5

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