Skip to main content
Log in

Comparative Epistemology: Contours of a Research Program

  • Published:
Acta Biotheoretica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article addresses the question whether and how literary documents can be used to further our understanding of a number of key issues on the agenda of the philosophy of biology such as “complexity” and “reductionism”. Kant already granted a certain respectability to aesthetical experiences of nature in his third Critique. Subsequently, the philosophical movement known as phenomenology often used literary sources and literary techniques to criticize and question mainstream laboratory science. The article discusses a number of literary documents, from Moby-Dick to Jurassic Park, that explicitly stage a confrontation between scientific and non-scientific ways of experiencing and understanding the natural world. Special attention is given to the work of Michael Crichton. Its relevance for the philosophy of biology is pointed out.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bachelard, G. (1957). La poétique de l'espace. Presses Universitaires de France, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bachelard, G. (1938/1947). La formation de l'esprit scientifique (6e Druk). Presses Universitaires de France, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bierens de Haan, J.A. (1940). Die tierische Instinkte und ihr Umbau durch Erfahrung. Eine Einführung in die allgemeine Tierpsychologie. Brill, Leiden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkhardt, R.W. (1997). The founders of ethology and the problem of animal subjective experience. In M. Dol et al. (eds.) Animal Consciousness and Animal Ethics. Perspectives From the Netherlands. Series: Animals in Philosophy and Science, Vol. 1. Van Gorkum, Assen, pp. 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crichton, M. (1991). Jurassic Park. Arrow/Random House, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickens, Ch. (1854/1974). Hard Times; For These Times. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould, S.J. (1996). “Dinomania”. In: Dinosaur in a Haystack. Reflections in Natural History. Random House, London, pp. 221–237.

    Google Scholar 

  • Husserl, E. (1935/1977) Die Krisis der Europäischen Wissenschaften und die transzendentale Phänomenologie. [Hrsg. E. Ströker]. Meiner, Hamburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kant, I. (1781/1975). Werke in zehn Bänden. Band 3: Kritik der reinen Vernunft. [Hrsg. W. Weischedel]. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. English edn.: Critique of pure reason [Translated by N. Kemp Smith]. Mackmillan, London, 1958.

  • Kant, I. (1788/1975). Werke in zehn Bänden. Band 8: Kritik der Urteilskraft. [Hrsg. W. Weischedel]. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt.

  • Maeterlinck, M. (1901). La vie des abeilles. Charpentier, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melville, H. (1851/1931). Moby-Dick: Or the whale. In: Romances of Herman Melville. Tudor, New York, pp. 745–1102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spengler, O. (1918/1923). Der Untergang des Abendlandes. Umrisse einer Morphologie der Weltgeschichte. Erster Band: Gestalt und Wirklichkeit. 33e druk. Beck, München.

  • Van den Berg, J.H. (1952/1965). Psychologie en theoretische anthropologie (oratie Utrecht). 3e druk. Callenbach, Nijkerk.

  • Zwart, H. (1997). What is an animal? A philosophical reflection on the possibility of a moral relationship with animals. Environmental Values 6(4): 377–392.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwart, H. (2000a). What is a whale? Moby-Dick, marine science and the sublime. In: Mieth, D. Pfaff, D. (Hrsg.) Erzählen und Moral. Narrativität im Spannungsfeld von Ethik und ästhetik. Attempo, Tübingen, pp. 185–214.

  • Zwart, H. (2000b). The birth of a research animal: Ibsen's The Wild Duck and the origin of a new animal science. Environmental Values 9(1): 91–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwart, H. (2002). Boude bewoordingen: De historische fenomenologie (“metabletica”) van Jan Hendrik van den Berg. Pelckmans, Kampen, Klement/Kapellen.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hub Zwart.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Zwart, H. Comparative Epistemology: Contours of a Research Program. Acta Biotheor 53, 77–92 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10441-005-5351-8

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10441-005-5351-8

Key Words

Navigation