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Experimental and numerical investigations into flow features in an intake duct for the waterjet propulsion under mooring conditions

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Abstract

The waterjet propulsion is widely applied in the marine vessels over 30 knots, and the intake duct is considered as an essential component that strongly relates to the propulsion performance. This paper sheds light on the flow features inside an intake duct under mooring conditions by using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique with three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations. The hydraulic loss gradually increase as the flow-rate increases. According to analyses via the Bernoulli equation, the hydraulic loss is composed of the frictional head loss (hf ~ V1.75) and the local head loss (hj ~ V2.0). A recirculation region is observed near the duct lower wall with a high-velocity flow near the upper wall, and subsequently a shear flow presents in the horizontal straight pipe with an obvious velocity gradient. Three-dimensional simulations demonstrate that the vortex pair is very strong in the recirculation region and then it gradually decreases as the fluid flows downstream. With the flow-rate increasing, the non-uniformity at the duct outlet firstly increases to a peak and then slightly decreases, while the perpendicularity at the duct outlet dramatically decreases to a minimum and then increases. This work not only reveals some physics of the waterjet propulsion under mooring conditions, but also promotes its efficient operation.

Graphic abstract

The hydraulic loss gradually increase as the flow-rate increases. The hydraulic loss is composed of the frictional head loss (hf ~ V1.75) and the local head loss (hj ~ V2.0). A recirculation region is observed near the duct lower wall with a high-velocity flow near the upper wall, and a shear flow presents in the horizontal straight pipe with an obvious velocity gradient. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the vortex pair is very strong in the recirculation region and then it gradually decreases as the fluid flows downstream.

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Abbreviations

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

IVR:

Inlet velocity ratio

JVR:

Jet velocity ratio

NSGA-II:

Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II

PIV:

Particle image velocimetry

RANS:

Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes

RMS:

Root mean square

a :

Correction factor for the kinetic energy, a = 1.05–1.10

Q :

Flow-rate

H :

Pump head

H n :

Normalized helicity

h w :

Hydraulic loss

h f :

Frictional head loss

h j :

Local head loss

p :

Pressure

Δp :

Pressure difference, Δp = p1–p2

u i :

i-th velocity

u j :

j-th velocity

V :

Fluid velocity

V xy :

Velocity component at xy-plane

V z :

Velocity in z-direction

\(\overline{{V_{\text{z}} }}\) :

Averaged velocity component in z-direction

z :

Height

Ω′x :

Relative vorticity fields

Ω :

Vorticity

ρ :

Density

μ, μ t :

Laminar and turbulent eddy viscosity

ξ :

Non-uniformity

φ p :

Perpendicularity

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 52006232 and 11772340), the Science and Technology on Water Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Grant 6142223190101).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Renfang Huang & Yiwei Wang

  2. Science and Technology on Water Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Ruizhi Zhang

  3. College of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yiwei Wang

  4. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Xianwu Luo

  5. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China

    Lei Zhu

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  1. Renfang Huang
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Correspondence to Yiwei Wang or Xianwu Luo.

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Executive Editor: Xue-Ming Shao

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Huang, R., Zhang, R., Wang, Y. et al. Experimental and numerical investigations into flow features in an intake duct for the waterjet propulsion under mooring conditions. Acta Mech. Sin. 37, 826–843 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-021-01097-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-021-01097-9

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