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Epidemiologie und Bedeutung tabakassoziierter kardiovaskulärer Krankheiten

Epidemiology and significance of smoking-related cardiovascular disease

  • Leitthema
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Zusammenfassung

Jeder 10. Todesfall weltweit ist durch das Tabakrauchen bedingt. Die jeweils zum Tod führenden Erkrankungen verteilen sich dabei zu je einem Drittel auf maligne, respiratorische und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen. Das Rauchen stellt einen wesentlichen Risikofaktor für den Herzinfarkt, den Schlaganfall und die Entstehung einer peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit und eines Bauchaortenaneurysmas dar. Die Auswirkungen des Rauchens auf das kardiovaskuläre System sind bei Frauen im mittleren Lebensalter besonders stark ausgeprägt. Bei bestehenden kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen ist die Tabakentwöhnung die kosteneffektivste aller Maßnahmen zur Sekundärprävention. Hinsichtlich der Senkung der Morbidität und Mortalität ist sie der leitliniengerechten medikamentösen Therapie dieser Erkrankungen weit überlegen. Alle rauchenden Patienten haben somit Anspruch auf eine professionelle Entwöhnungsbehandlung. Die Exposition gegenüber Passivrauch geht mit einer signifikanten Steigerung des Risikos für den akuten Myokardinfarkt und den Schlaganfall einher. Zur Senkung der Morbidität und Mortalität ist daher ein umfassender Schutz der Bevölkerung vor einer Passivrauchbelastung erforderlich.

Abstract

Ten percent of global mortality is attributable to tobacco smoking. Malignancies, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases each account for one-third of these deaths. Smoking is a substantial risk factor for myocardial infarction, stroke as well as the development of peripheral artery disease and aortic aneurysm. The effects of smoking on the cardiovascular system are particularly pronounced in middle-aged women. In patients with established cardiovascular disease, smoking cessation is the most cost-effective of all secondary prevention measures. Its effects on morbidity and mortality are greater than the effects observed with medical therapy, as recommended in current guidelines. All smoking patients have the right to receive professional help to achieve cessation. Passive smoking significantly increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction and stroke. In order to reduce morbidity and mortality, the general public must be protected against passive exposure to tobacco smoke.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist für sich und seine Koautoren auf folgende Beziehungen hin: T. Raupach hat Fördergelder für klinische Studien von Pfizer® und Johnson & Johnson® erhalten. Von 2006 bis 2011 erhielt er von Pfizer® Honorare für Vorträge. Darüber hinaus hat er als Referent an Veranstaltungen von GSK® und Novartis® teilgenommen. H. Gohlke ist als Berater für Pfizer tätig gewesen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, WC1E 7HB, London, UK

    T. Raupach MME

  2. Abt. Klinische Kardiologie II, Herzzentrum, Südring 15, 79189, Bad Krozingen, Deutschland

    H. Gohlke FACC, FESC

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  1. T. Raupach MME
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  2. H. Gohlke FACC, FESC
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Correspondence to T. Raupach MME or H. Gohlke FACC, FESC.

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Raupach, T., Gohlke, H. Epidemiologie und Bedeutung tabakassoziierter kardiovaskulärer Krankheiten. Pneumologe 9, 185–190 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-011-0559-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-011-0559-6

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