Zusammenfassung
Bei Aspergillomen handelt es sich um eine Ansammlung von Pilzmyzelien in Kombination mit Detritus, die sich in der Regel in präformierten Höhlen der Lunge bilden. Am häufigsten liegen tuberkulöse Kavernen zugrunde, gefolgt von Lungenabszessen und Bronchiektasen. Das röntgenologische Bild ist charakteristisch. Klinische Symptome sind in der Regel gering, gelegentlich treten jedoch massive Hämoptysen auf. Symptomatische Aspergillome bedürfen in der Mehrzahl der Fälle der chirurgischen Therapie, bei Inoperabilität können weniger invasive Verfahren, wie radiologisches Coiling der Bronchialarterien, eine Kavernostomie oder eine medikamentöse Therapie versucht werden.
Abstract
An aspergilloma (fungus ball) consists of masses of fungal mycelia and detritus that usually develop in preexisting lung cavities. The leading underlying lung disease is tuberculosis, followed by lung abscesses and bronchiectasis. The radiological picture is characteristic. The clinical symptom in most cases is mild hemoptysis; however, in some cases severe hemoptysis is the first clinical sign. Symptomatic aspergillomas should be treated surgically in the majority of the cases, but in the event of medical inoperability, systemic antifungal agents can be tried, or less invasive procedures such as cavernostomy or coiling of the bronchial arteries might be useful.
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Passlick, B. Aspergillome der Lunge. Pneumologe 6, 312–315 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-008-0292-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-008-0292-y