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Körperliches Training bei COPD

Neue Trainingsmodalitäten

Physical training in patients with COPD

New training modalities

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Pneumologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Körperliches Training führt bei Patienten mit COPD zu einer Steigerung der Lebensqualität, Zunahme der Belastbarkeit sowie zu einer Linderung der Dyspnoe und Ermüdbarkeit. Positive Effekte werden insbesondere bei Trainingsprogrammen mit einer Dauer von 4–10 Wochen und 3–5 Trainingseinheiten pro Woche unter Supervision und hoher Trainingsintensität nahe der anaeroben Schwelle erzielt. Da nicht jeder Patient auf ein standardisiertes Trainingsprogramm anspricht, kommt neuen Trainingsmodalitäten wie Ausdauertraining unter Einsatz langwirksamer Bronchodilatatoren, Training der Inspirationsmuskulatur, inspiratorischer Druckunterstützung, Intervalltraining, Krafttraining und der neuromuskulären Elektrostimulation große Bedeutung zu. Vorzüge und Nachteile der neuen Trainingsmodalitäten werden dargestellt. Wesentlich für die Aufrechterhaltung der Trainingseffekte ist die Etablierung einer wohnortnahen Bewegungstherapie, auch unter Nutzung ambulanter Lungensportgruppen.

Abstract

Exercise training is the cornerstone of pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD and has been shown to improve health-related quality of life and exercise capacity. Nevertheless, not every COPD patient responds well to this treatment option. Therefore, a patient-tailored approach has to be chosen. The advantages and disadvantages of new treatment modalities of physical training will be outlined, including endurance training and long-acting bronchodilators, inspiratory pressure support, inspiratory muscle training, interval training, strength training, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and the use of anabolic steroids. At present, these new modalities have been shown to improve skeletal muscle function and sometimes also exercise capacity. However, the translation to an improved health-related quality of life is mostly lacking, and cost effectiveness and long-term effects have not been studied.

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Interessenkonflikt

Der korrespondierende Autor weist auf folgende Beziehungen hin: Der Autor ist als Berater und Referent für die Firmen Asche Chiesi, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Actelion, Pfizer und Novartis tätig.

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  1. Medizinische Klinik 1, Klinikum Fürth, Jakob-Henle-Straße 1, 90766, Fürth, Deutschland

    H. Worth

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Correspondence to H. Worth.

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Worth, H. Körperliches Training bei COPD. Pneumologe 5, 84–90 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-008-0215-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10405-008-0215-y

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