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Limited Effect of Ground Floor Fogging on Mosquito Distribution in High-Rise Condominia

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Abstract

Fogging with insecticides is one of the main control measures for adult mosquito populations employed in countries that are affected by dengue. In many such countries, urban communities are increasingly characterised by high-density residence in high-rise condominia. Although fogging is typically applied at the ground level, its efficacy in three-dimensional urban environments is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of fogging on vector mosquito distribution and abundance in high-rise condominia by conducting a before-after fogging survey. We showed that although mosquitoes were significantly concentrated at the lower levels in high-rise condominia, they were found throughout the three-dimensional environments. Fogging did not significantly alter this distribution or abundance pattern across any floor level. Thus, any fogging effect was short-lived as mosquito populations recovered within a few days before the subsequent scheduled treatment. In addition, increasing fogging frequency within practicable limits did not prolong the intended control effect. As urban mosquitoes are increasingly insusceptible to fogging due to insecticide resistance and vertical avoidance, this study demonstrates the need to implement other mosquito control strategies for high-rise condominia to manage mosquito populations.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the Monash University Malaysia (MUM), Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform to RS, School of Science and MUM School of Science Seed Grant to YSH. The authors thank all condominium committees and management teams for the support received during the survey in the condominiums.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

    Sze Huei Yek

  2. School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

    Jin Min Lee, Ryan J. Wasserman, Robyn F. Wilson, Sadequr Rahman & Sze Huei Yek

  3. Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

    Jin Min Lee & Sadequr Rahman

  4. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa

    Ryan J. Wasserman

  5. Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 5DL, UK

    Ross N. Cuthbert

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  1. Jin Min Lee
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Correspondence to Sze Huei Yek.

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Lee, J.M., Wasserman, R.J., Wilson, R.F. et al. Limited Effect of Ground Floor Fogging on Mosquito Distribution in High-Rise Condominia. EcoHealth 20, 65–73 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-023-01629-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-023-01629-8

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