Abstract
Aim
To estimate the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors and investigate the pathways from behavioral risk factors to metabolic risk factors among population aged 30–69 years old.
Subject and methods
Data of this study were from the Vietnam STEPS 2015 survey that used the standardized World Health Organization STEPwise approach across all 63 provinces/cities of Vietnam. A total of 2579 participants aged 30–69 years who completed all three rounds of the STEPS survey were analyzed. Structural equation modeling was applied to develop path models from behavioral risk factors to metabolic risk factors. The metabolic risk factors included waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose.
Results
The prevalence of participants having two or more behavioral risk factors was 58.6% among males and 8.7% among females, while the figure for metabolic factors was 7.7% and 7.9% respectively. For females, the protective effect of physical activity was demonstrated for waist circumference, body mass index, total cholesterol, and blood glucose, whereas alcohol consumption did not have any impact on metabolic risk factors. In contrast, alcohol consumption showed a dose–response association with systolic blood pressure among males. Smoking status was associated with a smaller waist for both males and females, and lower body mass index for males.
Conclusion
The pathways from behavioral risk factors to metabolic risk factors were different between females and males. Findings from this study should be used to develop the policy and prevention strategies appropriately for males and females to improve the helath of the population.
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Acknowledgments
We thank the World Health Organization Office in Vietnam for providing both technical and financial support to this survey. We thank Dr. David Williams for editing the language contents of this paper.
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VTHL conceptualized the study and initial hypothesis. VTHL and KQL conducted analysis and interpretation. VTHL and KQL prepared the manuscript. PQN, NTL, TQB, and HVM provided intellectual input and contributed to the development of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Vu, T.H.L., Khuong, Q.L., Pham, Q.N. et al. From behavioral risk factors to metabolic risk factors of non-communicable diseases: a path analysis using national survey data in Vietnam. J Public Health (Berl.) 31, 229–237 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01475-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-021-01475-4