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Corneal higher-order aberrations in phlyctenular keratitis

  • Clinical Investigation
  • Published:
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To characterize tomographic patterns and quantify corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with corneal scar due to phlyctenular keratitis.

Study design

Retrospective consecutive case series.

Methods

This study included 51 eyes of 38 patients (24 women; 14 men) with corneal scar due to phlyctenular keratitis. HOAs of the total cornea, and of the anterior and posterior surfaces were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Corneal tomographic patterns were classified into five types: increased regular astigmatism, ectasia, asymmetric, flattening and minimal change patterns. The correlation between corneal HOAs and visual acuity was evaluated.

Results

Mean months from onset was 50.7 ± 74.7 and mean number of recurrences 2.1 ± 1.1 (1–5). Mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) was 0.19 ± 0.31. AS-OCT showed ectasia pattern in 16 eyes (31.4%), asymmetric pattern in 12 eyes (23.5%), increased regular astigmatism pattern in 9 eyes (17.6%), flattening pattern in 3 eyes (5.9%) and minimal change pattern in 11 eyes (21.6%). HOAs of the total cornea were 0.57 ± 0.44 μm and 1.16 ± 0.77 μm within a 4-mm and 6-mm diameter, significantly larger than in normal controls (P < 0.0001). LogMAR visual acuity was significantly correlated with corneal HOAs (4-mm: r = 0.558, P < 0.0001, 6-mm: r = 0.566, P < 0.0001), central corneal thickness (r = − 0.349, P = 0.016), and corneal astigmatism (r = 0.414, P = 0.004), but not with average keratometric value (r = − 0.092, P = 0.537).

Conclusions

The most common tomographic pattern was ectasia, followed by a asymmetric pattern in eyes with phlyctenular keratitis. Corneal HOAs were associated with decreased visual acuity in phlyctenular keratitis patients.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Editage for the English language editing of this manuscript.

Funding

We have not received funding from any government or non-government source for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, 5-11-13, Sugano, Ichikawa, Chiba, 272-8513, Japan

    Taiichiro Katayama, Yukari Yagi-Yaguchi, Osama Ibrahim, Jun Shimazaki & Takefumi Yamaguchi

Authors
  1. Taiichiro Katayama
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  2. Yukari Yagi-Yaguchi
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  3. Osama Ibrahim
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  4. Jun Shimazaki
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  5. Takefumi Yamaguchi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Takefumi Yamaguchi.

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Conflicts of interest

T. Katayama, None; Y. Yagi-Yaguchi, None; O. Ibrahim, None; J. Shimazaki, None; T. Yamaguchi, None.

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Corresponding Author: Takefumi Yamaguchi

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Katayama, T., Yagi-Yaguchi, Y., Ibrahim, O. et al. Corneal higher-order aberrations in phlyctenular keratitis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 64, 478–484 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-020-00759-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-020-00759-8

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