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Hohe Kreatinkinase-Werte nach exzessiver Ganzkörper-Elektromyostimulation: gesundheitliche Relevanz und Entwicklung im Trainingsverlauf

(Very) high Creatinkinase concentration after exertional whole-body electromyostimulation application: health risks and longitudinal adaptations.

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Zusammenfassung

Durch seine Zeiteffizienz, Individualisierbarkeit und Effektivität erfreut sich Ganzkörper-Elektromyostimulation (WB-EMS) zunehmender Beliebtheit. In jüngster Vergangenheit wurden nach Erstanwendung von WB-EMS hohe Kreatinkinase (CK)-Werte berichtet, die in einem gesundheitlich bedenklichen Bereich liegen. Ziel der Untersuchung war daher 1) die entsprechende Verifizierung hoher CK-Werte, 2) die Einschätzung der gesundheitlichen Relevanz dieser Werte und 3) deren trainingsbedingte Veränderung im Verlauf.

26 gesunde, sportliche Personen ohne WB-EMS Erfahrung nahmen an der Untersuchung teil. Eine ausbelastete Erstapplikation (bipolar, 85 Hz; 350 ms; intermittierend, 20 min) führte zu einem CK-Anstieg um das 117fache (28.545 ± 33.611 IE/l) mit Peak am 3.-4. Nachbelastungstag. Trotz dieser ausgeprägten Rhabdomyolyse, wurden keine gesundheitliche Komplikationen (Hyperkaliämie, Hypokalzämie, akutes Nierenversagen) erfasst. Ein 10wöchiges WB-EMS-Training mit einer Applikation/Woche führte zu einer signifikanten Reduktion des CK-Anstieges nach ausbelastetem WB-EMS auf Werte im Bereich konventioneller Kraftbelastungen (906 ± 500 IE/l).

Ausbelastende WB-EMS-Applikation muss zumindest zu Beginn des Trainingsprozesses vermieden werden, um gesundheitliche Risiken initial (zu) hoher Intensität auszuschließen.

Summary

Due to its individualization, time-efficiency and effectiveness Whole-body-Electromyo-stimulation (WB-EMS) becomes increasingly popular. However, recently (very) high Creatin-kinase concentration were reported, at least after initial WB-EMS-application. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine (1) WB-EMS induced increases of CK-concentration, (2) their impact on corresponding health parameters and (3) training-induced changes of CK-levels.

Twenty-six healthy, sportive volunteers without previous experience with WB-EMS were included. Initial high intense WB-EMS application (bipolar, 85 Hz; 350 ms; intermittent, 20 min) led to an increase of the CK-level by the 117fold (28.545 ± 33.611 IU/l) of baseline. CK-peaks were detected after 72–96 h. Despite this pronounced “exertional rhabdomyolysis”, we did not determine rhabdomyolysis-induced complications (e.g. acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, hypocalcaemia). After 10 weeks of WB-EMS (1 session/week) CK–reaction to intensive WB-EMS-Application was significantly blunted (906 ± 500 IE/l) and averaged in the area of conventional resistance exercise.

In summary, intensity of WB-EMS should be carefully increased during the initial sessions.

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Danksagung

Ganz besonderer Dank gilt Frau Dr. Anke Dahlmann (Medizinische Klinik 4, FAU) für die zeitaufwändige ärztliche Begleitung der Untersuchung(en). Frau Professor Dr. Zopf und ihrem Team (Medizinische Klinik 1, FAU) sei für die Mithilfe bei den Blutabnahmen und die laborärztliche Unterstützung ebenfalls herzlich gedankt. Herrn Dr. Bernd Langenstein (Klinikum Nürnberg Süd) möchten wir für die fachinhaltliche Unterstützung bei der Interpretation der erhobenen Laborparameter danken.

Interessenkonflikt

Für keinen der Autoren (Kemmler, Teschler, Bebenek, von Stengel) liegt ein Interessenkonflikt vor.

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  1. Institut für Medizinische Physik, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Henkestrasse 91, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Kemmler, Marc Teschler, Michael Bebenek & Simon von Stengel

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  1. Wolfgang Kemmler
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  2. Marc Teschler
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  4. Simon von Stengel
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Correspondence to Wolfgang Kemmler.

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Kemmler, W., Teschler, M., Bebenek, M. et al. Hohe Kreatinkinase-Werte nach exzessiver Ganzkörper-Elektromyostimulation: gesundheitliche Relevanz und Entwicklung im Trainingsverlauf. Wien Med Wochenschr 165, 427–435 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-015-0394-1

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