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Diabetes mellitus und kognitive Störungen

Diabetes mellitus and cognitive decline

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Summary

From large epidemiological studies, it has been demonstrated that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cognitive decline: Compared to healthy controls, patients with diabetes perform worse on cognitive tests, they experience a pronounced cognitive decline over time and have a higher incidence of dementia. Mechanisms contributing to cognitive decline include vascular damage, negative consequences of hypo- and hyperglycemia, and various dysfunctions in insulin action, summarized as insulin resistance. Possible targets for prevention and treatment of cognitive decline have attracted scientific attention.

Zusammenfassung

Epidemiologische Langzeituntersuchungen zeigen, dass Diabetes mellitus ein Risikofaktor für das Auftreten kognitiver Einbussen ist: Im Vergleich zu Stoffwechselgesunden zeigen sich schlechtere kognitive Leistungen, eine raschere Progredienz kognitiver Defizite, aber auch eine höhere Inzidenz von Demenzerkrankungen. Als Ursachen werden vaskulär-ischämische Schäden, negative Einflüsse von Hyper- und Hypoglykämie sowie Störungen im Gefolge der Insulinresistenz diskutiert. Mögliche Ansatzpunkte in Prävention und Therapie des kognitiven Abbaus sind ins Interesse der Forschung gerückt.

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  1. Universitätsklinik für Geriatrie, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Austria

    Bernhard Iglseder

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Iglseder, B. Diabetes mellitus und kognitive Störungen. Wien Med Wochenschr 161, 524–530 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-011-0003-x

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