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Die serologische Diagnostik von Pilzinfektionen

Serological tests for diagnosing fungal infections

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Summary

Considerable interest has been made in developing nonculture approaches to diagnosing fungal infections, as early diagnosis may guide appropriate treatment and prevent mortality. These approaches include detection of specific host immune responses to fungal antigens, and detection of specific macromolecular antigens using immunologic reagents. The detection of a specific host antibody response is attractive because such tests can be performed rapidly and do not require invasive sampling procedures. However, presence of host antibodies does not always correlate with presence of invasive disease, especially in patients whose abilities to produce specific immunoglobulin responses may be impeded by immunosuppressive drugs and/or serious underlying diseases. Detection of macromolecular microbial antigens generally requires a relatively large microbial burden, which may limit assay sensitivity.

Zusammenfassung

Die Serodiagnostik von Pilzinfektionen umfasst den Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen Pilzantigene und den Nachweis von Antigenen aus dem Serum, Liquor oder ggfs. Urin. Die Zurzeit verfügbaren Antikörpersuchtests für Candida- als auch Aspergillus- Spezies können bei immunsupprimierten Patienten verzögert oder abgeschwächt reagieren, wodurch die Interpretation der Titerkinetik erschwert wird. Die Ergebnisse von Antigentests werden durch den Immunstatus weniger beeinflusst, die in der Literatur angegebenen Zahlen zur Sensitivität und Spezifität der gebräuchlichen Tests sind insgesamt jedoch nicht überzeugend. Die Interpretation serologischer Assays sollte nur synoptisch mit der Klinik erfolgen.

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Correspondence to Cornelia Lass-Flörl.

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Lass-Flörl, C. Die serologische Diagnostik von Pilzinfektionen. Wien Med Wochenschr 157, 526–529 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0472-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-007-0472-0

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