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Spontaneous remission of therapy-resistant minimal change nephritis in an adult woman 12 years after onset of the disease

Spontane Remission einer Therapie-resistenten Minimal Change Nephritis bei einer erwachsenen Frau 12 Jahre nach Erstauftreten der Nierenerkrankung

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Zusammenfassung

Eine 23 Jahre alte Frau wurde wegen schwerer Ödeme im Rahmen einer steroid-resistenten Minimal Change Nephritis (MCN) stationär aufgenommen; die Diagnose war vor 9 Jahren mittels Nierenbiopsie gestellt worden. Eine Steroidtherapie führte bei der Patientin zu einer kompletten Remission der Erkrankung. 7 Jahre später, die Patientin war inzwischen 22 Jahre alt, kam es zu einem Relaps mit schwerem nephrotischem Syndrom. Eine Kombinationstherapie mit Prednisolone and Cylosporine A (CSA) führte nur zu einer partiellen Rückbildung der Proteinurie, die Ödeme persistierten. Konsequenterweise lehnte die Patientin nach 3 Monaten die weitere Einnahme von CSA wegen Erfolglosigkeit ab. Bei der Aufnahme in unserem Krankenhaus, 1 Jahr später im Dezember 2000, zeigte die Patientin ein schweres nephrotisches Syndrom mit peripheren Ödemen und Lungenödem, trotz hoher Furosemidgabe. Die Urin-Eiweißausscheidung betrug 12,5 g/Tag, das Serum-Kratinin war auf 1,4 mgdl erhöht, die Serum-Proteinkonzentration auf 47 g/l reduziert. Eine nochmals durchgeführte Nierenbiopsie bestätigte erneut die Diagnose MCN. Die Patientin erhielt wiederum eine Steroid-Bolustherapie über 4 Wochen und eine immunsuppressive Therapie mit CSA über 6 Wochen, beide Therapien blieben ohne Erfolg. Weitere Theapieregime mit Mofetil Mycophenolat, Azathioprin, Chloerambucil und Cyclosphopsphamid über einen Zeitraum von jeweils 6–12 Wochen waren ebenso ineffektiv und wurden zugleich schlecht vertragen. Die Proteinurie blieb hoch mit > 10 g/Tag. In weiterer Folge litt die Patientin vor allem an schweren Ödemen trotz Furosamidinfusionen. Es erfolgte daher auch 2–4 mal monatlich eine maschinelle Ultrafiltration mit einer Fresenius-Dialysemaschine. 3 Monate nach der letzten immunsuppressiven Therapie verschwanden die Ödeme spontan, die diuretische Therapie konnte beendet werden. Serum-Kreatinin war 0,8 mg/dl, die Eiweißausscheidung im Urin blieb noch hoch mit 9,8 g/Tag, aber die Serum-Protein-Konzentration war mit 65 g/l bereits normal. 3 Monate später war die Eiweißausscheidung bereits auf 0,48 g/Tag reduziert und alle anderen Laborbefunde normal. Inzwischen befindet sich die Patientin bereits über 3 Jahre in kompletter Remission ohne jegliche Therapie.

Summary

A 23-year old woman was admitted to our hospital because of severe edema due to steroid resistant minimal change nephritis (MCN). The diagnosis was proven by renal biopsy nine years ago. At that time, steroid therapy led to a complete remission. Seven years later, patient was 22 years old, a relapse with severe nephrotic syndrome occurred. The diagnosis MCN was confirmed by a second renal biopsy. A combined therapy with prednisolone and cyclosporine A (CSA) led only to a partial reduction of protein excretion, the edema did not disappear. After 3 months, patient declined further therapy with CSA. On admission to our hospital, one year later in December 2000, the woman showed a severe nephrotic syndrome with edema and fluid lung, despite high doses of furosemide. Urinary protein excretion was 12.5 g/day, serum creatinine was increased to 1.4 mg/dl, the serum protein was reduced to 47 g/l. A repeated renal biopsy confirmed again the diagnosis MCN. Once again, a steroid bolus monotherapy over 4 weeks and an immunosuppressive therapy with CSA over 6 weeks had no effect on proteinuria. Further therapy regimes with mofetil mycophenolat, azathioprine, chlorambucil and cyclophosphamide over a period of 6–12 weeks of each regime was not well tolerated, proteinuria remained high with > 10 g/day. Moreover the patient suffered from severe edema despite furosemide infusions. Therefore, an additional mechanical ultrafiltration was performed 2–4 times monthly. Three months after the last immunosuppressive therapy the edema disappeared spontaneously, the diuretic therapy could be stopped. Serum creatinine was 0.8 mg/dl, protein in urine was still high with 9.8 g/day but serum protein for the first time was normal with 65 g/l. Three months later, the protein excretion was reduced to 0.48 g/l, and all other laboratory data were normal. Meanwhile, the woman has now enjoyed a complete second spontaneous remission for a period of three years.

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Correspondence to Anton Raml.

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Raml, A., Sedlak, M., Schmekal, B. et al. Spontaneous remission of therapy-resistant minimal change nephritis in an adult woman 12 years after onset of the disease. Wien Med Wochenschr 156, 421–425 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-005-0250-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-005-0250-9

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