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Diagnosis and treatment of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Summary

Background

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is currently only confirmed by histopathological studies of surgical specimens. Preoperative diagnosis of MVI combined with clinical treatment is still a research problem and direction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). How to assess the presence of MVI early and give appropriate treatment has become a research hotspot.

Methods

This review focuses on recent advances in MVI-related research, including the use of serum markers, tumor tissue markers, and new imaging techniques to predict MVI, as well as the molecular biology mechanisms and therapeutic advances in MVI.

Results

The emergence of MVI may be caused by the interaction of many complex biological processes and various pathogenic factors. We need to try to select several risk factors and establish a systematic evaluation method to solve their respective deficiencies, so as to provide more practical applications for the preoperative prediction of MVI program. Simultaneously, the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative comprehensive treatment strategies for MVI are particularly important.

Conclusion

The presence of MVI is thought to reflect increased capacity for local infiltration and distant metastases and affects the prognosis of HCC patients. To accurately assess MVI early based on some biomarkers prior to surgery, we need to work hard to explore and integrate various treatments to create a personalized treatment plan for MVI.

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Funding

This study was supported by The Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (grant nos. 2016J01585 and 2016J01592) and The Army’s Logistics Medical Research Major Projects Fund Grants for Yi Jiang (grant nos. CNJ15J002 and 14ZX22); Startup Fund for scientific research, Fujian Medical University for Rui-Sheng Ke (2017XQ2048) and NO. 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team Construction Special Funding for Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (grant nos. 2014CXTD05 and 2018Q06 and 2018J02).

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  1. The Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, No. 156 The Second West Ring Road, 350025, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China

    Rui-Sheng Ke MD, PhD, Yong-tai Chen MD, Li-Zhi Lv MD & Yi Jiang MD, PhD

  2. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, 350025, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

    Qiu-cheng Cai MD, PhD, Li-Zhi Lv MD & Yi Jiang MD, PhD

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  1. Rui-Sheng Ke MD, PhD
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  2. Qiu-cheng Cai MD, PhD
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  3. Yong-tai Chen MD
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  4. Li-Zhi Lv MD
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  5. Yi Jiang MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Li-Zhi Lv MD or Yi Jiang MD, PhD.

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R.-S. Ke, Q.-c. Cai, Y.-t. Chen, L.-Z. Lv, and Y. Jiang declare that they have no competing interests.

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R.-S. Ke, Q.-c. Cai, and Y.-t. Chen contributed equally to the manuscript. Yi Jiang and Li-Zhi Lv proposed ideas and designed the research. Rui-Sheng Ke, Qiu-cheng Cai, and Yong-tai Chen searched and analyzed literature. Yong-tai Chen and Rui-Sheng Ke completed the minor revision. The manuscript was drafted by Rui-Sheng Ke. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Ke, RS., Cai, Qc., Chen, Yt. et al. Diagnosis and treatment of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur Surg 52, 55–68 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-019-0573-1

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