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A biomechanical study of the reinforced tension line (RTL) – a technique for abdominal wall closure and incisional hernias

Biomechanische Untersuchung zur Verstärkung des Nahtlagers bei medianem Bauchwandhernienverschluss

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Zusammenfassung

GRUNDLAGEN: Unbefriedigend hohe Raten an Narbenhernien nach Medianlaparotomien und Rezidiven nach Narbenhernienoperationen haben uns dazu veranlasst, eine neue Nahttechnik zum Bauchdeckenverschluss zu entwerfen. METHODIK: In unserem Krankenhaus haben wir bei 38 Obduktionen die linea alba exakt in der Mitte eröffnet und an einer Seite einen Faden parallel zum Faszienrand in die Faszie eingenäht. Über diesen wurde im Oberbauch, im Nabelbereich und im Unterbauch je eine Einzelknopfnaht angelegt, an der gegenüberliegenden Seite wurden adäquate Einzelknopfnähte ohne Longitudinalfaden gestochen. Alle Einzelknopfnähte wurden nun mit einem Tensiometer bis zum Fadenausriss aus dem Gewebe belastet, die Messergebnisse wurden mit dem Mann–Withney U-Test statistisch ausgewertet. ERGEBNISSE: Die mediane Ausrisskraft lag auf der unverstärkten Seite bei 67,5 N, auf der fadenverstärkten Seite bei 113,3 N (p < 0,0001). Wurde bei der Einzelknopfnaht in 77,2% die Ruptur durch das Durchschneiden des Fadens durch das Gewebe hervorgerufen, konnte dies bei der reinforced tension line (RTL)-Seite immer verhindert werden. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN: Die RTL-Nahttechnik zeigte durch Verstärkung des Nahtlagers eine signifikante Erhöhung der Nahtrückhaltekraft. Diese einfache Technik kann somit für den primären Bauchdeckenverschluss als auch bei Narbenhernien (bis zu einer zusätzlichen Zugbelastung von 40 N) verwendet werden. Beim klinischen Einsatz bzw. bei prospektiv randomisierten Studien sollte die RTL-Technik den herkömmlichen Bauchdeckenverschlusstechniken gegenübergestellt werden.

Summary

BACKGROUND: The unacceptably high rates of incisional hernia after midline laparotomy and recurrent hernia after hernia operations led us to design a new suture technique of abdominal wall closure. METHODS: During 38 autopsies we opened the linea alba exactly at the midline. On one side we inserted a suture thread in the fascia, parallel to the fascial margin. Above this, one interrupted suture each was made in the epigastrium, the umbilical region and the hypogastrium. On the contralateral side we introduced suitable interrupted sutures without a longitudinal thread. All interrupted sutures were loaded with a tensiometer until the thread tore out of the tissue. The data were evaluated statistically by means of the Mann–Whitney U-test. RESULTS: The median rupture strength on the non-reinforced side was 67.5 N and on the reinforced side, 113.3 N (p < 0.0001). With the interrupted suture the rupture was caused by the suture cutting through the tissue in 77.2% of cases, while this could be avoided in all cases on the side treated with the reinforced tension line (RTL). CONCLUSIONS: The RTL suture technique reinforces the suture base to withstand an additional tensile load of 40 N. This simple technique can be used for primary abdominal wall closure as well as for incisional hernias and should be compared in the clinical setting in prospective randomized studies with conventional techniques.

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Hollinsky, C., Sandberg, S. A biomechanical study of the reinforced tension line (RTL) – a technique for abdominal wall closure and incisional hernias. Eur Surg 39, 122–127 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-006-0304-2

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