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Idiopathic portal hypertension: a case report

Idiopathische portale Hypertension – Fallbericht

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Summary

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) is a disease of unknown etiology which manifests itself in hypercirculation and hypertension in the portal venous system and splenomegaly with hypersplenism. METHODS: We describe a case of IPH in a young sportsman with the characteristic clinical, sonographic, and computed-tomography picture. Open splenectomy was performed. RESULTS: Preoperative examination revealed an interesting elevation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vasoadhesive molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the serum. Postoperative course was without complications. One year after operation the patient is fine without any symptomatology of IPH. CONCLUSIONS: ET-1 and VCAM-1 will probably have a significant influence on the development of IPH. ET-1 causes hypercirculation and hypertension in the portal venous system, and VCAM-1 causes adhesion of lymphocytes to the endothelium of the portal tracts and their migration into the wall, mainly in a presinusoidal way, followed by fibrotization of the venous wall. Splenectomy was performed in this case, after which the clinical symptomatology of IPH disappeared.

Zusammenfassung

GRUNDLAGEN: Die idiopathische portale Hypertension (IPH) ist eine Krankheit unbekannter Genese, welche zu einer Hypervaskularisation und portalen Hypertension mit Splenamagalie und Hypersplenismus führt. METHODIK: Kasuistik von IPH mit typischen klinischen, sonographischen und CT-radiologischen Zeichen. Eine offene Splenektomie wurde durchgeführt. ERGEBNISSE: Präoperativ fanden sich erhöhtes Endothelin-1 (ET-1) und vasoadhäsives Molekül-1 (VCAM-1) im Serum. Der postoperative Verlauf war komplikationsfrei, ein Jahr nach der Operation zeigt der Patient keine Hinweise für IPH. SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN: ET-1 und VCAM-1 dürften eine Rolle in der Pathogenese der IPH spielen. ET-1 mediiert die Hypervaskularisation und Hypertension im portal-venösen System, VCAM-1 mediiert die Adhäsion und Transmigration von Lymphozyten in das Endothel. Durch Splenektomie wurde die IPH erfolgreich behandelt.

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Correspondence to V. Třeška.

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Třeška, V., Daum, O., Ferda, J. et al. Idiopathic portal hypertension: a case report. Eur Surg 37, 348–351 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-005-0195-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10353-005-0195-7

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