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Late Smithian microbial deposits and their lateral marine fossiliferous limestones (Early Triassic, Hurricane Cliffs, Utah, USA)

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Abstract

Recurrent microbialite proliferations during the Early Triassic are usually explained by ecological relaxation and abnormal oceanic conditions. Most Early Triassic microbialites are described as single or multiple lithological units without detailed ecological information about lateral and coeval fossiliferous deposits. Exposed rocks along Workman Wash in the Hurricane Cliffs (southwestern Utah, USA) provide an opportunity to reconstruct the spatial relationships of late Smithian microbialites with adjacent and contemporaneous fossiliferous sediments. Microbialites deposited in an intertidal to subtidal interior platform are intercalated between inner tidal flat dolosiltstones and subtidal bioturbated fossiliferous limestones. Facies variations along these fossiliferous deposits and microbialites can be traced laterally over a few hundreds of meters. Preserved organisms reflect a moderately diversified assemblage, contemporaneous to the microbialite formation. The presence of such a fauna, including some stenohaline organisms (echinoderms), indicates that the development of these late Smithian microbial deposits occurred in normal-marine waters as a simple facies belt subject to relative sea-level changes. Based on this case study, the proliferation of microbialites cannot be considered as direct evidence for presumed harsh environmental conditions.

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(after Brayard et al. 2013)

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Acknowledgements

This work is a contribution to the ANR Project AFTER (ANR-13-JS06-0001-01). The CNRS INSU Interrvie, and the French ANR @RAction Grant (Project EvoDevOdonto) also supported this study. D.A. Stephen is grateful for the ongoing financial support of the College of Science and Health at Utah Valley University. Michael Hautmann is thanked for his assistance in bivalve taxonomy and ecology. Our thanks to Marilyne Imbault for her contribution to the ammonoid determination. The Workman Wash area is located on US public land under the stewardship of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) of the US Department of the Interior; access to this land is gratefully acknowledged. We would like to thank Wolfgang Kießling and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Nicolas Olivier

  2. Biogéosciences, UMR 6282, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France

    Emmanuel Fara, Emmanuelle Vennin, Christophe Thomazo & Arnaud Brayard

  3. 140 South 700 East, Spanish Fork, UT, 84660, USA

    Kevin G. Bylund

  4. 1134 Johnson Ridge Lane, West Jordan, UT, 84084, USA

    James F. Jenks

  5. Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR CNRS 5023, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENTPE, 6 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France

    Gilles Escarguel

  6. Department of Earth Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, 84058, USA

    Daniel A. Stephen

  7. Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, UMR 5242, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France

    Nicolas Goudemand

  8. 7202 Yardley Drive, Katy, TX, 77494, USA

    Dawn Snyder

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  1. Nicolas Olivier
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Correspondence to Nicolas Olivier.

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Olivier, N., Fara, E., Vennin, E. et al. Late Smithian microbial deposits and their lateral marine fossiliferous limestones (Early Triassic, Hurricane Cliffs, Utah, USA). Facies 64, 13 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-018-0526-3

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