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Lower–Middle Devonian Fenestellidae (Bryozoa) of NW Spain: implications for fenestrate palaeobiogeography

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Abstract

The Emsian–Eifelian succession of NW Spain contains an abundant and diverse bryozoan fauna, fenestrates being the most outstanding group. The Fenestellidae of the Moniello Formation (upper Emsian–lower Eifelian, Asturias, NW Spain) comprise 13 species, four of which are new: Rectifenestella covae n. sp., Cavernella asturica n. sp., Hemitrypa adversa n. sp., and Hemitrypa terentei n. sp. The other species composing the assemblage studied are: Fenestella aff. parallela Hall, 1881, F. vera Ulrich, 1890, Rectifenestella pioneri (Krasnopeeva, 1935), Spinofenestella aff. antiqua (Goldfuss, 1826), S. estrellita (McKinney and Kříž, 1986), S. strigilla (McKinney and Kříž, 1986), Laxifenestella capillosa (Počta, 1894), Hemitrypa aff. tubulosa (Nekhoroshev, 1948), and Ptylopora aff. nodosa Hall, 1883. Taking into account species reported in previous studies, the assemblage of Fenestellidae of the Emsian–Eifelian of NW Spain is composed of nine genera and 21 species. This fauna shows affinities with that of the Lower Devonian of Bohemia and also to those of the Middle Devonian of North America, Russia, and Asia. C. asturica n. sp. is the earliest and westernmost reported species of the genus, which was previously known to occur in the Carboniferous and Permian rocks from Hungary to Tibet. H. adversa n. sp. is the only known species of Hemitrypa with autozooecial apertures placed on the inner surface of the cone; some of the specimens of H. adversa n. sp. collected in the Moniello Formation developed unusually flat colonies.

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Acknowledgments

Covadonga González Álvarez is thanked for help with graphic work, and the late Ken McKinney (Boone) is thanked for discussion on the unusual morphology of Hemitrypa adversa, particularly on specimen NHMUK PI BZ 5834. This research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/ ,which is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 “Capacities” Program, through a grant awarded to J.S. in 2012 (GB-TAF 2129) to visit the NHM (London). Paul D. Taylor (London) is thanked for SEM imaging of specimen NHMUK PI BZ 5834. Catherine Reid (University of Canterbury, Christchurch) and an anonymous reviewer are gratefully acknowledged for their helpful, constructive comments.

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  1. SONINGEO S.L., PCTCAN, P20. C/Isabel Torres, 9, 39011, Santander, Spain

    Juan Luis Suárez Andrés

  2. Institut für Geologie, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstr. 55, 20146, Hamburg, Germany

    Andrej Ernst

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  1. Juan Luis Suárez Andrés
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Correspondence to Juan Luis Suárez Andrés.

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Suárez Andrés, J.L., Ernst, A. Lower–Middle Devonian Fenestellidae (Bryozoa) of NW Spain: implications for fenestrate palaeobiogeography. Facies 61, 415 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-014-0415-3

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