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Improvement of Physiological Indices and Sweet Corn Performance by Sowing Methods and Wheat Residue Mulching Under Two Irrigation Regimes

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Abstract

In recent years, the cultivation and consumption of sweet corn has become more popular in the world. Improving seedling establishment and preserving the soil moisture content are crucial in the production of this plant. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of sowing methods and wheat residue mulching on the physiological traits, yield and water productivity of sweet corn under irrigation regimes. Two irrigation levels (100 and 70% of the water requirement), three sowing methods (irrigation after sowing, pre-sowing irrigation after furrow-ridge preparation, and pre-sowing irrigation before furrow-ridge preparation), and four rates of wheat residue mulching (0, 250, 500, and 750 gr m−2) were arranged in a split-split plot based on a randomized complete block design. The results revealed a significant effect for sowing method and residue mulching treatment on plant parameters such as yield, water productivity, total chlorophyll content, carotenoid, and grain carbohydrates. The reduction in water requirement by 30% increased F0 (minimum chlorophyll fluorescence), but pre-sowing irrigation after furrow-ridge preparation and mulching (especially 500 and 750 gr m−2) decreased this trait. Moreover, pre-sowing irrigation after furrow-ridge preparation increased Fv/Fm (variable fluorescence to maximum fluorescence ratio) and grain carbohydrate content. The highest fresh ear and canned grain yield were observed with the pre-sowing irrigation after furrow-ridge preparation and the application of 750 gr m−2 residue mulching. The highest water productivity was obtained when wheat residues (particularly 750 g m−2) were applied and land was prepared with pre-sowing irrigation after furrow-ridge preparation treatment. Overall, the results showed the successful interaction of residue mulching with pre-sowing irrigation in the improvement of physiological indices, yield, and water productivity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, 7591874934, Yasuj, Iran

    Nasrin Niknam, Hooshang Farajee, Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi & Alireza Yadavi

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  1. Nasrin Niknam
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  2. Hooshang Farajee
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  3. Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi
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  4. Alireza Yadavi
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Correspondence to Hooshang Farajee.

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N. Niknam, H. Farajee, M. Movahhedi Dehnavi and A. Yadavi declare that they have no competing interests.

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Niknam, N., Farajee, H., Movahhedi Dehnavi, M. et al. Improvement of Physiological Indices and Sweet Corn Performance by Sowing Methods and Wheat Residue Mulching Under Two Irrigation Regimes. Gesunde Pflanzen 75, 2853–2863 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00922-4

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