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The Influence of Irrigation Strategies on Tomato Fruit Yield and Leaf Nutrient Contents

Der Einfluss von Bewässerungsstrategien auf den Ertrag von Tomaten und den Nährstoffgehalt der Blätter

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Abstract

In order to assess the effect of deficit irrigation (DI) on fruit yield and leaf nutrient contents of tomatoes in the Mediterranean climate, an open-field experiment was carried out in Bursa, Western Turkey. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Five irrigation treatments (IT) were studied: 100% (IT1, control), 75% (IT2) or 50% (IT3) evapotranspiration throughout the entire irrigation season; 100% of IT1 during the first half of the irrigation season (during 45 days from plantation) and 75% (IT3) or 50% (IT4) of IT1 during the second half of the irrigation season (about 45 days). The greatest fruit yield was obtained from IT1 treatment and significant decreases were observed in fruit yields with increasing water deficits. As compared to the control, IT4 treatment offered about 15% saving in irrigation water and a low level of reduction in yield (2.11%). Relatively high irrigation water productivity and water productivity values were obtained from IT2 and IT4 treatments. Effects of DI on water potential are also reflected in leaf nutrients. Reductions in water uptake resulted in reduced nutrient uptakes. The greatest leaf nutrient contents were observed in the IT4 treatment. Except for Mn and Cu, significant decreases in leaf nutrients with increasing water deficits were observed.

Zusammenfassung

Um die Wirkung der Defizitbewässerung (DI) auf den Fruchtertrag und den Nährstoffgehalt der Blätter von Tomaten im mediterranen Klima zu beurteilen, wurde in Bursa, Westtürkei, ein Freilandversuch durchgeführt. Die Experimente wurden in einem randomisierten vollständigen Blockdesign mit drei Wiederholungen durchgeführt. Fünf Bewässerungsbehandlungen (IT) wurden untersucht: 100 % (IT1, Kontrolle), 75 % (IT2) oder 50 % (IT3) Evapotranspiration während der gesamten Bewässerungssaison; 100 % von IT1 während der ersten Hälfte der Bewässerungssaison (während 45 Tagen nach der Pflanzung) und 75 % (IT3) oder 50 % (IT4) von IT1 während der zweiten Hälfte der Bewässerungssaison (etwa 45 Tage). Der größte Fruchtertrag wurde bei der IT1-Behandlung erzielt, und es wurden signifikante Abnahmen des Fruchtertrags mit zunehmendem Wassermangel beobachtet. Im Vergleich zur Kontrolle bot die IT4-Behandlung etwa 15 % Einsparung an Bewässerungswasser und eine geringe Ertragsminderung (2,11 %). Relativ hohe Werte der Bewässerungswasserproduktivität und Wasserproduktivität wurden bei den IT2- und IT4-Behandlungen erhalten. Die Auswirkungen von DI auf das Wasserpotenzial spiegeln sich auch in den Blattnährstoffen wider. Eine Verringerung der Wasseraufnahme führte zu einer verringerten Nährstoffaufnahme. Die höchsten Blattnährstoffgehalte wurden bei der IT4-Behandlung beobachtet. Mit Ausnahme von Mn und Cu wurden signifikante Abnahmen der Blattnährstoffe mit zunehmendem Wassermangel beobachtet.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mustafakemalpasa Vocational School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, The University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey

    Ahmet Turhan

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biosystems Engineering, The University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey

    Hayrettin Kuscu

  3. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, The University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey

    Bulent Barıs Asık

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  1. Ahmet Turhan
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  2. Hayrettin Kuscu
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  3. Bulent Barıs Asık
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Correspondence to Ahmet Turhan.

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A. Turhan, H. Kuscu and B.B. Asık declare that they have no competing interests.

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Turhan, A., Kuscu, H. & Asık, B.B. The Influence of Irrigation Strategies on Tomato Fruit Yield and Leaf Nutrient Contents. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 1021–1027 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00678-3

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