Abstract
A two-year study was conducted to determine the efficacy of weed control techniques on the stigma quality of saffron and the diversity of the microbial population in the soil from 2019 to 2021. Several weed control methods are applied to reduce weed competition in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) fields. The impact of fourteen different weed control treatments on the pharmacological components was determined by the GC-MS/MS and GC-MS FID analyses. The highest safranal content in the stigma was recorded from metribuzin treatment with 8.00 mg g−1, and the lowest was in the pendimethalin + tepraloxydim treatment with 1.26 mg g−1. The density of the total plant growth promoting bacterial population and the species were defined from the soil around the saffron corms grown in the plots that were applied to the soil treatments. The bacterial species, isolated from the soil samples, were identified using MALDI-TOF analysis. A total of 117 bacterial isolates were obtained from the samples at the root regions of saffron corms The bacterial richness was the highest in the soil sample taken from benfluralin applied with 13 isolates, textile mulch and metribuzin treatments with 12 isolates and sawdust (pine) + benfluralin treatment with 11 isolates. The results showed that the soil treatments used for weed control significantly affected the quality of the saffron stigma, number and population diversities of plant growth promoting endophytic/epiphytic bacteria in the soil and on the corm.
Zusammenfassung
In einer zweijährigen Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit von Unkrautbekämpfungsmethoden auf die Safran-Narbenqualität und die Vielfalt der mikrobiellen Population im Boden von 2019 bis 2021 untersucht. Zur Reduzierung der Unkrautkonkurrenz in Safranfeldern (Crocus sativus L.) werden verschiedene Unkrautbekämpfungsmethoden eingesetzt. Die Auswirkungen von vierzehn verschiedenen Unkrautbekämpfungsmethoden auf die pharmakologischen Komponenten wurden durch GC-MS/MS- und GC-MS-FID-Analysen ermittelt. Der höchste Safranal-Gehalt in der Narbe wurde bei der Metribuzin-Behandlung mit 8,00 mg g−1 festgestellt, der niedrigste bei der Behandlung mit Pendimethalin + Tepraloxydim mit 1,26 mg g−1. Die Dichte der gesamten pflanzenwachstumsfördernden Bakterienpopulation und die Arten wurden aus dem Boden um die Safranknollen bestimmt, die in den Plots angebaut wurden, die den Bodenbehandlungen unterzogen wurden. Die aus den Bodenproben isolierten Bakterienarten wurden mittels MALDI-TOF-Analyse identifiziert. Insgesamt wurden 117 Bakterienisolate aus den Proben im Wurzelbereich der Safranknollen gewonnen. Der Bakterienreichtum war mit 13 Isolaten in der Bodenprobe aus der Benfluralin-Behandlung, mit 12 Isolaten in der Textilmulch- und Metribuzin-Behandlung und mit 11 Isolaten in der Sägemehl(Kiefer) + Benfluralin-Behandlung am höchsten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die zur Unkrautbekämpfung eingesetzten Bodenbehandlungen die Safran-Narbenqualität, die Anzahl und die Populationsvielfalt der pflanzenwachstumsfördernden endophytischen/epiphytischen Bakterien im Boden und auf der Knolle erheblich beeinflussen.
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Acknowledgements
The authors sincere thank Asist. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Tansel Serim (Bilecik Seyh Edebali University) for critical editing and and diligent proofreading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Coordinatorship of Scientific Research Projects (Project # 20.GAP.006).
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H. Asil, S. Soylu, M. Kara, M. Çelik, S. Taşgın, F. Çelik and İ. Üremiş declare that they have no competing interests.
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Asil, H., Soylu, S., Kara, M. et al. The Effect of Different Weed Control Treatments On Pharmacological Components of Stigma Quality of Saffron and Diversity of the Microbial Population in Soil. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 905–913 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00677-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00677-4