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Does forest biomass harvesting for energy reduce fire hazard in the Mediterranean basin? a case study in the Caroig Massif (Eastern Spain)

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Abstract

The Mediterranean basin is a fire-prone area and is expected to continue being so according to projected climate and socioeconomic changes. Sustainable exploitation of forest biomass could have a positive effect on wildfire hazard mitigation. A modelling approach was used to compare how four different Scenarios for biomass collection for energy use affect fire behaviour and potential burnt area at landscape level under extreme meteorological conditions in a typical Mediterranean Massif. A case study of Pinus halepensis stands in Valencia (Eastern Spain) was conducted. The FARSITE simulator was used to evaluate the burnt area and fire behaviour parameters. Simulations predicted a significant increase in the burnt area and the values of most fire behaviour parameters in a Scenario of rural abandonment, relative to the current situation. Biomass management through thinning reduced canopy bulk density; however, no differences in the values of the main fire behaviour parameters were detected. Thinning and understory clearing, including biomass collection in large shrub fuel model areas, significantly reduces fire hazard. Forest biomass sustainable harvesting for energy is expected to reduce fire hazard if management includes intense modification of fuel models, comprising management of shrub biomass at the landscape level. Strong modification of forest fuel models requires intensive silvicultural treatments. Therefore, forest biomass collection for energy in the Mediterranean basin reduces fire hazard only if both tree and shrub strata are managed at landscape level.

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Acknowledgments

This study was developed by the contract between IBERDROLA enterprise and INIA (CON13-005) in the frame of LIFE+ European project “Bioenergy and Fire Prevention” (Life 09 EN-E.000450). This work was completed in the frame of SCALyFOR project (AGL2013-46028-R), GEPRIF project (RTA2014-00011-C06-01) and MedWildFireLab project (PCIN-2013-141-C04-04). Thanks to Raúl Quílez from Consorcio de Bomberos de Valencia (Valencian Firefighters) for providing Forest Fuel Map and Meteorological Scenario. Thanks to Bioenergy and Fire Prevention European Project for providing processed LiDAR data and field plots data. Climate data were provided from climatic records and projections elaborated by the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Silviculture and Forest Systems Management Department, Forest Fire Laboratory, INIA—Forest Research Centre, Crta. A Coruña Km 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Javier Madrigal, Carmen Hernando & Mercedes Guijarro

  2. iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Forest Institute UVa-INIA, Palencia, Spain

    Javier Madrigal, Carmen Hernando & Mercedes Guijarro

  3. Faculty of Geography, Geographical Information Technology Master TIG, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Irma Fernández-Migueláñez

  4. Faculty of Forest Sciences, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Río Papaloapan y Blvd. Durango S/N Col. Valle del Sur CP, 34120, Durango, Mexico

    Daniel J. Vega-Nieva

  5. Forest Economy and Management Department, E.T.S.I. Montes, Madrid Polytechnic University, Ramiro Maeztu s/n., 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Eduardo Tolosana

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  1. Javier Madrigal
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Correspondence to Javier Madrigal.

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Madrigal, J., Fernández-Migueláñez, I., Hernando, C. et al. Does forest biomass harvesting for energy reduce fire hazard in the Mediterranean basin? a case study in the Caroig Massif (Eastern Spain). Eur J Forest Res 136, 13–26 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-016-1004-5

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