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Mode of action and ecotoxicity of hexanoic and acetic acids on Meloidogyne javanica

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Abstract

The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the hexanoic acid (HEX) and acetic acid (ACET), two active ingredients of the nematicidal Melia azedarach fruits water extract (MWE), for use on root knot nematodes control. We studied the effect of the acids on various growth stages of the phytoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne javanica, along with the phytotoxicity on tomato plants, their fate in soil and ecotoxicology, including non-target soil nematode and microbial communities. The EC50/4d values established for paralysis activity on second-stage juveniles were 195 and 49 μg mL−1 for HEX and ACET, respectively. Both acids significantly inhibited M. javanica undifferentiated egg hatch and J2 release from free eggs immersed in 100 μg mL−1 solutions, but only HEX achieved activity when egg masses were treated with acids’ concentrations greater than 50 μg mL−1. HEX lasted longer in soil than ACET did and yielded less females of M. javanica per gram of tomato root (EC50 = 112 mg kg−1). Other than efficacy, the two acids had a negative impact on the free-living nematode abundances compared to the control, thus implying an eco-toxic character. MWE is effective for the target nematodes and increases the abundance of free-living nematodes and the microbial biomass.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks are due to T. Koufakis and AGRIS SA for providing seeds and seedlings and to Dr. Emmanuel Tzortzakakis for the nematode species specimens.

Funding

This study was not funded by any sources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biological Control of Pesticides, Department of Pesticides Control & Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta Street, Kifissia, 14561, Athens, Greece

    Nikoletta Ntalli

  2. Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Urania Menkissoglu-Spiroudi, Konstantinos Doitsinis, Marios Kalomoiris & Emanouil-Nikolaos Papadakis

  3. Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University, 54 124, Thessaloniki, Greece

    George Boutsis & Maria Dimou

  4. International Hellenic University, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Nikolaos Monokrousos

  5. Department of Soil Science of Athens, Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, 14123, Athens, Greece

    Nikolaos Monokrousos

Authors
  1. Nikoletta Ntalli
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  2. Urania Menkissoglu-Spiroudi
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  3. Konstantinos Doitsinis
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  4. Marios Kalomoiris
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  5. Emanouil-Nikolaos Papadakis
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  6. George Boutsis
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  7. Maria Dimou
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  8. Nikolaos Monokrousos
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Correspondence to Nikoletta Ntalli.

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Communicated by M.B. Isman.

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Ntalli, N., Menkissoglu-Spiroudi, U., Doitsinis, K. et al. Mode of action and ecotoxicity of hexanoic and acetic acids on Meloidogyne javanica. J Pest Sci 93, 867–877 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01193-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01193-y

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