Abstract
The aim of this research was to identify pathogens in field populations of the genus Pityokteines from Croatia with special reference to their spatial distribution throughout the country. Pathogens occurrence was studied in 5,968 adult specimens of three silver fir bark beetle species: Pityokteines curvidens, P. spinidens and P. vorontzovi. Four pathogen species were observed in different tissues of their hosts. The pathogens Canningia spinidentis and Menzbieria sp. were found only in P. spinidens, while Chytridiopsis typographi and Gregarina sp. were also present in P. curvidens and P. vorontzovi. Multiple infections were observed in all three beetle species where gregarines occurred together with C. typographi and in combination with C. spinidentis in the specimens of P. spinidens. All pathogen species found in this research are first descriptions on host Pityokteines spp., except Canningia spinidens. Data presented in this study show possible candidates for further tests to utilize pathogens as microbial control agents against fir bark beetles in the future.
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Acknowledgements
This research was funded by the “Ernst Mach” fellowship, Austrian Exchange Service (ÖAD) and the University BOKU, Vienna, Austria. The authors wish to thank Mandica Dasović, Željko Kauzlarić and Matija Pleše, Hrvatske šume d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia, for their help in beetle sampling. We also thank Andrea Stradner (IFFF, University BOKU, Vienna, Austria) and Blaženka Ercegovac (Forest Research Institute, Jastrebarsko) for technical assistance in beetle dissection. Many thanks go to Stacy Blomquist (USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Pineville, Louisiana, USA) for her constructive comments and suggestions on an earlier version of the manuscript and English proofreading.
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Communicated by A. Battisti.
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Pernek, M., Matošević, D., Hrašovec, B. et al. Occurrence of pathogens in outbreak populations of Pityokteines spp. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in silver fir forests. J Pest Sci 82, 343–349 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-009-0259-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-009-0259-8