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Antifeedant activity and toxicity of leaf extracts from Porteresia coarctata Takeoka and their effects on the physiology of Spodoptera litura (F.)

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Abstract

Antifeeding and toxic effects of chemical extracts from Porteresia coarctata Takeoka on the insect pest Spodoptera litura (F.) were investigated in the laboratory. Hexane extracts of P. coarctata leaves were re-dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and applied in water to leaves of Ricinus communis L. (castor). A concentration of 1,000 and 2,000 ppm extract exhibited significant antifeeding and toxic effects to third instar larvae when compared to the same concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in water as control. One day after feeding on extract-treated castor leaves, the mortality of S. litura larvae was 50%. Mortality increased to 95% after 11 days at a dosage of 2,000 ppm. Compared to the control, third instar larvae fed on castor leaves treated with P. coarctata leaf extract at different concentrations showed significant reduction in protein and DNA content in the fat body and midgut tissues. Results demonstrate the insecticidal and antifeedant properties of P. coarctata leaf extract against the generalist pest S. litura leading to biochemical changes in the insect body. Thus, P. coarctata contains phytochemicals, and the extract, in crude and pure form, has potential as a botanical insecticide in alternative control strategies against Lepidoptera pests.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the help of Dr. A. Samanta, Redear, Entomology Department, Prof. A. K. Das, Dean of Studies of the Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya and Dr. J. R. Burleigh for critical reading and suggestions for the improvement of the manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Prof. M. Ghose of Indian Statistical Institute for the supply of the P. coarctata leaves from the mangrove forests of Sunderbans, West Bengal, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Horticultural Sciences, Section Urban Horticulture, Humboldt University Berlin, Lentzeallee 55-57, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Christian Ulrichs & Inga Mewis

  2. Biological Science Division, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B. T. Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India

    Sujit Adhikary, Atanu Bhattacharyya & Arunava Goswami

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  1. Christian Ulrichs
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  2. Inga Mewis
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  5. Arunava Goswami
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Correspondence to Christian Ulrichs.

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Ulrichs, C., Mewis, I., Adhikary, S. et al. Antifeedant activity and toxicity of leaf extracts from Porteresia coarctata Takeoka and their effects on the physiology of Spodoptera litura (F.). J Pest Sci 81, 79–84 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-007-0187-4

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