Abstract
Molluscicidal activity of cow urine alone and with different additives was studied against Lymnaea acuminata. The toxicity of cow urine kept for 15 days in sunlight (8 h/day) or ambient laboratory conditions against the snail was time- and concentration-dependent. The pH of fresh cow urine is 7.4 which changes to 10.9 when kept for 15 days in laboratory; exposure to sunlight for the same period alter the pH to 10.85. Binary combinations (1:1) of freeze-dried cow urine kept for 15 days separately with each of Allium sativum (Liliaceae) bulb powder, Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) oil, Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) seed powder, Ferula asafoetida (Apiaceae) root latex and tea leaves, and Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) were more toxic to the snail than treatment with urine alone. Additives to cow urine in sunlight were more effective than those under laboratory conditions.
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Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to Prof. Anil K. Srivastava, Former Head, of the Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University for his valuable suggestions in preparation of the manuscript.
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Tripathi, R., Singh, V.K. & Singh, D.K. Freeze-dried powder of cow urine reduces the viability of the snail Lymnaea acuminata . J Pest Sci 79, 143–148 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-006-0125-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-006-0125-x