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Application of Diphenyl Functionalization of Nickel Foam as Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Chinese Herbal Medicines

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Abstract

A novel sorbent of diphenyl-functionalized nickel foam (NF-2Ph) was synthesized and used in the dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometric (GC–MS) analysis of exogenous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminants in Chinese herbal medicines. The prepared materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and N2 adsorption–desorption experiments. Major parameters affecting the extraction, such as sorbent dosage, extraction time, sample volume, desorption solvent type, eluent solvent volume, and elution time, were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9932) within the concentration range of 20–2000 ng mL−1. It provided low limits of detection (0.5–7.6 ng mL−1), good precision (relative standard deviation < 7.6%), and satisfactory recoveries (83.0–110%). The developed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of 16 PAHs in Chinese herbal medicines.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21904051, 82160827) and the Ganjiang New Area Science and Technology Plan Project (No. 2021016).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China

    Yang Li, Zhihong Yan, Jiahua Fan, Xuelian Yao, Xiang Zhou & Ying Cai

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  1. Yang Li
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  2. Zhihong Yan
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  3. Jiahua Fan
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  4. Xuelian Yao
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  5. Xiang Zhou
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  6. Ying Cai
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by YL and YC. The first draft of the manuscript was written by YL. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ying Cai.

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Li, Y., Yan, Z., Fan, J. et al. Application of Diphenyl Functionalization of Nickel Foam as Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction Adsorbent to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Chinese Herbal Medicines. Chromatographia 86, 553–565 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-023-04264-1

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