Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simultaneous Determination of Six Alkaloids in Rat Plasma with On-line SPE–HPLC Using a Homemade Four-Hydrogen Furfuryl-Based Polymer Monolithic Sorbent

  • Original
  • Published:
Chromatographia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A four-hydrogen furfuryl-based polymer monolithic column for solid-phase extraction was prepared via in situ radical polymerization, using tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate as the monomer. The monolith was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption–desorption method, showing relatively uniform porous structure with micro-, meso- and macro-pores and a relatively high surface area of 54.99 m2 g−1. Online solid-phase extraction–high-performance liquid chromatography was carried out to quantitatively analyze six alkaloids, including caffeine, hydroxy-α-sanshool, hydroxy-β-sanshool, hydroxy-γ-sanshool, hydroxy-γ-isosanshool and γ-sanshool in rat plasma. The results show that the prepared polymer monolithic sorbent exhibits good clean-up ability for bio-matrix, as well as good extractive ability for the six concerning alkaloids in rat plasma. Method validation shows that the correlation coefficients of the linear regressions are higher than 0.998 and the accuracy represented by spiked recovery ranges in 94.37–100.7%, 99.52–101.1%, 98.93–100.8%, 98.36–101.6%, 99.22–101.2% and 99.86–101.4% for the six alkaloids, respectively, as well as the LOD ranges in 2.10–3.90 ng mL−1 and the LOQ in 6.35–10.14 ng mL−1. Compared to the reference works, the present work is a simple and effective method for online extraction and simultaneous determination of six alkaloids in plasma with high accuracy and low cost.

Graphic Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

AIBN:

2,2′-Azobisisobutyronitrile

BET:

Brunauer–Emmett–Teller

EDMA:

Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate

FT-IR:

Fourier-transfer infrared

LOD:

Limit of detection

LOQ:

Limit of quantity

PEG-200:

Polyethylene glycol 200

RSD:

Relative standard deviation

SPE–HPLC:

Solid-phase extraction–high-performance liquid chromatography

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopic system

TAC:

Triallyl cyanurate

THFMA:

Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate

References

  1. Souza-Silva ÉA, Reyes-Garcés N, Gómez-Ríos GA, Boyacı E, Bojko B, Pawliszyn J (2015) A critical review of the state of the art of solid-phase microextraction of complex matrices III. Bioanalytical and clinical applications. TrAC-Trends Anal Chem 71:249–264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Snow NH (2000) Solid-phase micro-extraction of drugs from biological matrices. J Chromatogr A 885:445–455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hashemi B, Zohrabi P, Shamsipur M (2018) Recent developments and applications of different sorbents for SPE and SPME from biological samples. Talanta 187:337–347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Xu J, Wu P, Ye EC, Yuan BF, Feng YQ (2016) Metal oxides in sample pretreatment. TrAC-Trends Anal Chem 80:41–56

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gradinaru J, Vullioud A, Eap CB, Ansermot N (2014) Quantification of typical antipsychotics in human plasma by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for therapeutic drug monitoring. J Pharm Biomed Anal 88:36–44

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Urinovska R, Brozmanova H, Sistik P, Silhan P, Kacirova I, Lemr K, Grundmann M (2012) Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of five antidepressants and four atypical antipsychotics and their main metabolites in human serum. J Chromatogr B 907:101–107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Nováková L, Vlčková H (2009) A review of current trends and advances in modern bio-analytical methods: chromatography and sample preparation. Anal Chim Acta 656:8–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zare F, Ghaedi M, Daneshfar A (2015) Ionic-liquid-based surfactant-emulsified microextraction procedure accelerated by ultrasound radiation followed by high-performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs. J Sep Sci 38:844–851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Peng J, Tang F, Zhou R, Xie X, Li S, Xie F, Yu P, Mu L (2016) New techniques of on-line biological sample processing and their application in the field of biopharmaceutical analysis. Acta Pharm Sin B 6:540–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Wei X, Yin J, Yang G, He C, Chen Y (2007) On-line solid-phase extraction with a monolithic weak cation-exchange column and simultaneous screening of α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists in human plasma. J Sep Sci 30:2851–2857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lucci P, Núñez O (2014) On-line solid-phase extraction for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of pesticides. J Sep Sci 37:2929–2939

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Lopez de Alda MJ, Barceló D (2007) Advantages and limitations of on-line solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technologies versus biosensors for monitoring of emerging contaminants in water. J Chromatogr A 1152:97–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Feng RH, Hou JJ, Zhang YB, Pan HQ, Yang W, Qi P, Yao S, Cai LY, Yang M, Jiang B, Liu X, Wu WY, Guo DA (2015) An efficient and target-oriented sample enrichment method for preparative separation of minor alkaloids by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1409:159–165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hussain A, Tabrez ES, Mavrych V, Bolgova O, Peela JR (2018) Caffeine: a potential protective pgent pgainst cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease. Crit Rev Eukar Gene 28:67–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Messina G, Zannella C, Monda V, Dato A, Liccardo D, De Blasio S, Valenzano A, Moscatelli F, Messina A, Cibelli G, Monda M (2015) The beneficial effects of coffee in human nutrition. Biol Med (Aligarh) 7:240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hall S, Desbrow B, Anoopkumar-Dukie S, Davey AK, Arora D, McDermott C, Schubert MM, Perkins AV, Kiefel MJ, Grant GD (2015) A review of the bioactivity of coffee, caffeine and key coffee constituents on inflammatory responses linked to depression. Food Res Int 76:626–636

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Li P, Zhou L, Mou Y, Mao Z (2015) Extraction optimization of polysaccharide from Zanthoxylum bungeanum using RSM and its antioxidant activity. Int J Biol Macromol 72:19–27

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Zhang M, Wang J, Zhu L, Li T, Jiang W, Zhou J, Peng W, Wu C (2017) Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. (Rutaceae): a systematic review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. Int J Mol Sci 18:2172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lorusso B, Vilella R, Cretella D, Falco A, Frati C, Madeddu D, Graiani G, Mangiaracina C, Zecca A, Armani G, Fioretzaki R, Lagrasta C, Frusca T, Quaini F (2018) In vitro effects of caffeine on human umbilical artery and vein endothelial cells. Vasc Pharmacol 103–105:60–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Gooding KM, Regnier FE (1990) HPLC of biological macromolecules methods and applications, Chromatographic science series, vol 51. Marcel Dekker, New York

    Google Scholar 

  21. Yang G, Liu H, Zhang Y, Wang S, Yin J, Yin B, Chen Y (2006) On-line simultaneous removal of human serum albumin and enrichment of doxazosin using a weak cation-exchange monolithic column. J Chromatogr A 1129:231–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yang G, Feng S, Liu H, Yin J, Zhang L, Cai L (2007) On-line clean-up and screening of oxacillin and cloxacillin in human urine and plasma with a weak ion exchange monolithic column. J Chromatogr B 854:85–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Liu S, Wang C, He S, Bai L, Liu H (2016) On-line SPE using ionic liquid-based monolithic column for the determination of antihypertensives in human plasma. Chromatographia 79:441–449

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Jiang Z, Smith NW, Ferguson PD, Taylor MR (2007) Hydrophilic interaction chromatography using methacrylate-based monolithic capillary column for the separation of polar analytes. Anal Chem 79:1243–1250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Pang X, Bai L, Lan D, Guo B, Wang H, Liu H, Ma Z (2018) Development of an SPE method using ionic liquid-based monolithic column for on-line cleanup of human plasma and simultaneous determination of five steroid drugs. Chromatographia 81:1391–1400

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Qian XC, Zhang L, Tao Y, Huang P, Li JS, Chai C, Li W, Di LQ, Cai BC (2015) Simultaneous determination of ten alkaloids of crude and wine-processed Rhizoma Coptidis aqueous extracts in rat plasma by UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 105:64–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Xia Z, Lv L, Di X, Xue J, Gao Z, Zhang G, Zhang H (2019) The compatibility of six alkaloids in ermiao pill explored by a comparative pharmacokinetic and network pharmacological study. Biomed Chromatogr 33:e4509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Wang X, Li X, Li L, Li M, Liu Y, Wu Q, Li P, Jin Y (2016) Sensitive determination of three aconitum alkaloids and their metabolites in human plasma by matrix solid-phase dispersion with vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and HPLC with diode array detection. J Sep Sci 39:1971–1978

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Flieger J, Czajkowska-Żelazko A (2015) Aqueous two phase system based on ionic liquid for isolation of quinine from human plasma sample. Food Chem 166:150–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Liu Z, Wu HL, Li Y, Gu HW, Yin XL, Xie LX, Yu RQ (2016) Rapid and simultaneous determination of five vinca alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus and human serum using trilinear component modeling of liquid chromatography–diode array detection data. J Chromatogr B 1026:114–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers 21505030, 21974034 and 21575033).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China

    Mingxue Li, Ligai Bai, Fanrong Sun, Shan Peng, Haiyan Liu & Zhengyue Ma

  2. Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China

    Mingxue Li, Ligai Bai, Fanrong Sun, Shan Peng & Haiyan Liu

Authors
  1. Mingxue Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ligai Bai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fanrong Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shan Peng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Haiyan Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zhengyue Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ligai Bai.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This experiment is in full compliance with the Animal Management Regulations, National Science and Technology Commission, China, and approved by the institutional ethical committee of Hebei University.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 615 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, M., Bai, L., Sun, F. et al. Simultaneous Determination of Six Alkaloids in Rat Plasma with On-line SPE–HPLC Using a Homemade Four-Hydrogen Furfuryl-Based Polymer Monolithic Sorbent. Chromatographia 83, 173–181 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-019-03839-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-019-03839-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation