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Avian genomics: fledging into the wild!

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Abstract

Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies provide great resources to study bird evolution and avian functional genomics. They also allow for the identification of suitable high-resolution markers for detailed analyses of the phylogeography of a species or the connectivity of migrating birds between breeding and wintering populations. This review discusses the application of DNA markers for the study of systematics and phylogeny, but also population genetics and phylogeography. Emphasis in this review is on the new methodology of NGS and its use to study avian genomics. The recent publication of the first phylogenomic tree of birds based on genome data of 48 bird taxa from 34 orders is presented in more detail.

Zusammenfassung

Die Ornithologie ist im Zeitalter der Genomik angekommen Neue Sequenziertechnologien (Next Generation Sequencing; NGS) eröffnen die Möglichkeit, Evolution und funktionelle Genomik bei Vögeln umfassend zu untersuchen. Weiterhin erlaubt die NGS-Technologie, geeignete, hochauflösende Markersysteme für Mikrosatelliten und Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) zu identifizieren, um detaillierte Analysen zur Phylogeographie einer Art oder zur Konnektivität von Zugvögeln zwischen Brut- und Winterpopulationen durchzuführen. Dieses Review widmet sich der Anwendung von DNA Markern für die Erforschung von Systematik und Phylogenie sowie Populationsgenetik und Phylogeographie. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Methodik des Next Generation Sequencing und dessen Anwendung in der Vogelgenomik. Der 2014 in Science veröffentlichte phylogenomische Stammbaum der Vögel, der auf genomweiten Daten von 48 Vogeltaxa aus 34 Ordnungen basiert, wird dabei detailliert besprochen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Constance, Germany

    Robert H. S. Kraus

  2. Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Am Obstberg 1, 78315, Radolfzell, Germany

    Robert H. S. Kraus

  3. Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Michael Wink

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Correspondence to Michael Wink.

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Communicated by J. Fjeldså.

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Kraus, R.H.S., Wink, M. Avian genomics: fledging into the wild!. J Ornithol 156, 851–865 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-015-1253-y

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